By Alan Schroeder

1. "Satchmo's Blues" By Alan Schroeder Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

2. Summary Slide • Fact and Opinion • Read Ahead • Louis Armstrong • Purpose • Fact and Opinion • Figurative Language • Exact Words • Homographs • About the Author • Websites Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

3. Fact and Opinion • A fact is a piece of information that can be proved. • An opinion expresses someone’s feelings or ideas about something. • Supported inference is an idea formed about something after seeing factual evidence that supports the idea. • Lin’s eyes are red and swollen. What inference could I make? Lin’s eyes hurt Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

4. Fact and Opinion The plans for a new highway now being discussed by members of the city council is an issue of concern to all of us. Estimates indicate that taxes will be raised as a direct result of the construction. We need those tax dollars for parks and libraries. Voters, let’s vote against the highway. Concerned Taxpayer What facts does the Concerned Taxpayer refer to? In the Taxpayer’s opinion how should tax dollars be used? - estimates that taxes will be raised - for parks and libraries Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

5. Making Inferences • No one had ever made it down the entire course of the river before. The rapids were too dangerous. In some places, the river was too narrow. It was crazy to even think about trying—but Tim and Katy knew they had to. It was the kind of challenge they thrived on. They had traveled all over the world in places few had ever seen or even heard about. No matter how many times they had tried to do the impossible, each attempt was exciting. There had been failures, but each unsuccessful expedition had taught them something. Their well-equipped canoe was in perfect shape. They were prepared for emergencies. Before the sun rose, they were at the river bank. Working quickly, they got ready to set out. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

6. Read Ahead Reading ahead can help you understand and enjoy a selection. New ideas or vocabulary can be confusing, but reading ahead can provide additional information that can help you understand new concepts or unfamiliar vocabulary. If you have difficulty distinguishing fact from opinion, you can often read ahead to find the information that will help you judge whether an idea is a fact or opinion. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

7. Louis Armstrong • Born in New Orleans, August 4, 1901 • Spent youth in poverty in rough neighborhood • Brought up by grandmother • Nicknamed “Satchmo” and “Pops” • Known as the “Father of Jazz” • Played trumpet and sang Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

8. Louis Armstrong • Often played more than 300 dates a year • Major financial supporter of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. • Recorded hit songs for five decades, music still heard on television, radio, and films • Appeared in over thirty films • Died on July 6, 1971 at the age of 69 • “Satchmo” Website Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

9. Bourbon Street and the French Quarter Bourbon Street is located in the historic district of New Orleans known as the French Quarter. Although French colonists settled New Orleans, when fires devastated the French Quarter in 1788 and 1794, the Spanish government was in control of Louisiana and influenced the reconstruction of the neighborhood. Therefore, the style of architecture in the French Quarter is Spanish, not French. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

10. Purpose • Set your own purpose while you read this informational narrative. • Read “Satchmo’s Blues” – pp. 442 – 454. • Read About the Author and Illustrator – pp. 456 – 457. • Read “Brass Instruments” – pp. 458 – 459. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

11. Fact and Opinion When I read, I try to distinguish between fact and opinion, but sometimes writers state an opinion that sounds like a fact. To determine if something is a fact, I ask myself: “Can this statement be proved?” If the answer is “no,” then it must be an opinion. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

12. Fact and Opinion The merchants of our city support the construction of the new highway. We’ve been cut off long enough. People who travel on the new road will see signs about what our town has to offer. Many will stop in. They’ll eat in our restaurants, shop in our stores, and stay in our hotels. A recent survey conducted by the county showed that an average of fifteen to twenty percent of all travelers spend more than ten dollars per day on a trip. Let’s bring in the business by voting for the highway. Chamber of Commerce Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

13. Figurative Language Writers use figurative language to create vivid word pictures. The words are not intended to be taken literally. Figurative language often compares one thing to something different to help the reader see it in a new way. - “Hold on stars…Someday, I’m gonna blow you right out of the sky.” I know Louis doesn’t mean that he will actually blow the stars out of the sky. He is exaggerating about how he will play. But the use of this figurative language helps me picture Louis playing his trumpet with great power and feeling. It also expresses, in just a few words, how confident Louis is that he will become a great trumpet player. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

14. Figurative Language • Kate skated the whole lake, like a bird with the vast sky to choose from. • The tracks curved ahead, always just beyond her, elusive as smoke. • Hugh was skating greedily, printing his signature over the whole blank page of the lake. • The pine tree stood like a guard beside the house. • The curtain of snow fell between them. • The earth is dry as a bleached bone. • The heat of the afternoon was like the breath of an angry dragon. • The mother cat was a lioness when she defended her kittens. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

15. Exact Words • Exact words help the reader form mental pictures. • Louis Armstrong sang in a rough voice. • Louis Armstrong sang in a gravelly voice. • Replace each underline word with one of these exact words: pawnshop, numerous, raced, gracefully, wailed • Joy made many mistakes. • Lin danced well. • The baby cried. • The boy ran around the track. • Pete bought a guitar at the store. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

16. Homographs • Produce has two different pronunciations and meanings. • Words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and different pronunciations are called homographs. • A reader must use the context to determine which meaning and pronunciation is intended. • Use each of the following in sentences to show two different meanings. • wind - bow - live • minute - desert - tear • lead - bass Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

17. About the Author • Born January 18, 1961, in Alameda, CA • Writes biographies • Likes to travel, ride his bicycle, and listen to ragtime music • “I like the challenge of taking an unlikely subject and turning it into something that is both inspirational and meaningful to young people.” • Alan Schroeder Website Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

18. Websites • Background Information • Reading Skills Rocket: Fact and Opinion • Test Tutor: Fact and Opinion • Grammar Gold: More About Adjectives and Adverbs (Comparing) Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”

19. Credits • Harcourt Trophies – Distant Voyages, Chicago: Harcourt, 2003. • MacMillan Connections – Landscapes, New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1987. Theme 4: Express Yourself “Satchmo’s Blues”