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13.6 Control of Plant Growth and Development

13.6 Control of Plant Growth and Development. Pages613-618. Photoperiod (page 608). Day length affects plants For example: flowering. Plant growth regulators. Chemicals that direct plant growth and differentiation. Tropism. External stimulus directs the change in a plant’s growth

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13.6 Control of Plant Growth and Development

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  1. 13.6 Control of Plant Growth and Development Pages613-618

  2. Photoperiod (page 608) • Day length affects plants • For example: flowering

  3. Plant growth regulators Chemicals that direct plant growth and differentiation.

  4. Tropism • External stimulus directs the change in a plant’s growth For example: Phototropism-the bending of a plant towards the light

  5. Darwin’s phototropism experiment

  6. Gravitropism • Gravity affects growth • Roots grow downwards and shoots grow upwards

  7. Thigmotropism • Objects influence plant growth For example: rocks, trellises

  8. Auxins • Made in the shoot apical meristem • Stimulate cell elongation • Responsible for phototropism

  9. Auxinscont… • Herbicide • Simultaneously ripens fruit in orchards • Promotes apical dominance • Promotes rooting, growth of vascular cambium and forms lateral buds

  10. Apical dominance • Removing apical meristem (auxins) allows lateral meristem to grow

  11. Gibberellins • Produced by young shoot tissues and developing seeds • Promote cell division and elongation • Promote flowering and fruit production • Help to access carbohydrate reserves

  12. cytokinins • Promote cell division • Found in meristems, young leaves and growing seeds • Stimulates lateral meristem growth • Slows cell aging

  13. Ethylene • Plant stress hormone • Drought…plant loses its leaves • Ozone…reduces plant yield • Lateral growth of roots around stones • Fruit ripening • Flower opening • Fruit and leaf drop

  14. Abscisic Acid • (ABA) inhibits growth • Maintains dormancy in leaf buds and seeds • Closes stomata to conserve water

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