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Early Civilizations in China

Early Civilizations in China. Stankiewicz World Studies. Essential Questions. How did geography help shape early Chinese civilization? What ideas of government did the Chinese develop? How did religion effect ancient China? What were the social classes in ancient China?

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Early Civilizations in China

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  1. Early Civilizations in China Stankiewicz World Studies

  2. Essential Questions • How did geography help shape early Chinese civilization? • What ideas of government did the Chinese develop? • How did religion effect ancient China? • What were the social classes in ancient China? • What were some of the achievements of early Chinese civilizations?

  3. Geography of Ancient China • Ancient Chinese called their land “Zhongguo (the Middle Kingdom) • Ancient China was very isolated • __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • One of the most _________________________ civilization of the ancient world

  4. Geography of Ancient China • Isolation lead to belief that China _______________________________________ • Also, the feeling China was __________________________

  5. Geography of Ancient China • Geographic Barriers • To the west and southwest • ___________________ • Tien Shan

  6. Geography of Ancient China • Geographic Barriers • To the southeast • _____________

  7. Geography of Ancient China • Geographic Barriers • To the north • ________________________ • Brutal area

  8. Geography of Ancient China • Geographic Barriers • To the east • ______________________ • ______________________

  9. Geography of Ancient China • Despite these geographic barriers • Chinese did have contact with outside world • _____________________________________

  10. Contact between Peoples in Ancient China • Most contact was, however, with warlike, nomadic invaders • Looked at nomads(non-Chinese) as _________________________________ • ______________________________________ • ______________________________________according to the Chinese

  11. Contact between Peoples in Ancient China • ______________________________________________________________________ • When they attacked and sometimes conquered Chinese ___________________ _________________________________________________________ rather than change it • Yet, Chinese still expanded to vast areas

  12. Main Geographic Regions in China • As the Chinese expanded their empire came to include many ______________________ • Many climates and landforms

  13. Main Geographic Regions in China • ___________________________________ • East coast • Valleys of the Yellow River and Yangzi River • Rivers formed communications and transportation routes • Irrigation supply • ______________________________________

  14. Main Geographic Regions in China • Outlying regions • Invaders constantly attacked these regions • Chinese government made alliances with regions often • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • Xingjian • ___________________________________

  15. Dynasties, Government and Social Classes

  16. Ideas of government • Many rivers would flood yearly, including the Yellow River • Ancient Chinese needed a _____________ government to create water projects necessary to control the river • ___________________________________

  17. Dynasties and Government • Shang Dynasty • Dominated from 1650 BC until 1027 BC • __________________________________________________________________________________________

  18. Dynasties and Government • Shang Dynasty had great tombs and palaces • Warrior kings led their armies from walled cities against any invader • __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Noblemen had considerable status • They controlled the rest of lands and were loyal to Shang kings

  19. Dynasties and Government • Clans important • ______________________________________________________________________ • Because of this loose bond between King and Noblemen the civilization of China was more like Sumer city states than Egypt

  20. Ancient Chinese Religious Beliefs • Under Shang Dynasty • ___________________________________ • Nature gods and spirits • Chief god was _______________________ • Mother goddess who brought plants and animals to world

  21. Ancient Chinese Religious Beliefs • Gods as great as Shang Di would not respond to needs of everyday people • _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • People prayed to ancestors to intercede for them in daily life

  22. Ancient Chinese Religious Beliefs • At first only ancestors of rulers and powerful were thought to help intercede • Later veneration of ancestors in all classes was practiced throughout Chinese society • _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  23. Consulting Ancestors • __________________ • Interpreting questions

  24. Ancient Chinese Religious Beliefs • Yin and Yang • ______________________________________________________ • Delicate balance • Not opposites • Well being of universe depends on harmony between Yin and Yang

  25. Yin • Linked to: • _________________________________ • Darkness • _________________________________

  26. Yang • Linked to: • _____________________________________ • Light • ______________________________________

  27. Social Classes • Royal Family • Nobles • Artisans and merchants • __________________________________

  28. Peasants Clustered together in farming villages • Lived in thatched roofed houses with _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ and warm in winter

  29. Accomplishments

  30. Writing (accomplishment) • Ancient Chinese developed a system of writing that used: • Pictographs • Ideographs • _______________________________________________________________________________________________

  31. Writing (an accomplishment continued) • Calligraphy - Fine handwriting • Writing fostered unity • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  32. Another Early Dynasty • Zhou Dynasty • Overthrew the Shang in 1027 BC • _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Cruelty of Shang Dynasty led to Zhou uprising • Heaven told Zhou to rule the people fairly

  33. Zhou Dynasty

  34. Dynastic Cycle • Circular • Aging Dynasty • ______________________________________ • Becomes corrupt • ______________________________________ • New Dynasty • ______________________________________

  35. Dynastic Cycle

  36. Feudalism in Ancient China • Started by Zhou Dynasty • A system of government which local lords own land but owed military service and support to the ruler • __________________________________ • Developed in Japan and Europe later

  37. Other Accomplishments • Silk making • ___________________________________ • Strong economies

  38. Things to know for this test • Dynastic Cycle – in detail • How did geography effect early Chinese civilization • Compare Religion – Shang Di and Egypt • Yin and Yang • Ancestral veneration • Clans/Feudalism • You can do very well on this test if you study, we have faith in you!

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