AVANCEMOS II UNIDAD 5 Gramática

1. AVANCEMOS IIUNIDAD 5Gramática

2. ~ísimo(s), ~ísima(s), p. 258 • To add emphasis to some adjectives, you can attach the ending ~ísimo(a)(os)(as). • If the adjective ends in a vowel, drop it before adding the ending. Ejemplo: bello(a)> ¡Esta cocina es bellísima! (This kitchen is very (extremely) beautiful!) When the last consonant in the adjective is “c”, “g”, or “z”, spelling changes are required before adding “~ísimo (a, os, as). c > qu “rico>riquísimo” g > gu “largo>larguísimo” z > c “feliz>felicísimo” Completa Act. 5, p. 258

3. Usted/Ustedes commands“Mandatos formales”, p. 259 • Used for respectful commands. Commands require a change in verb endings. Pruebe el té. (Taste the tea.) Coman la merienda. (Eat the snack.) *Add “no” before the verb to make commands negative. (No coman la merienda. = Do not eat the snack.)

4. Irregular usted/ustedes commands Vaya a la cocina. (Go to the kitchen.) No estén tristes. (Don’t be sad.)

5. “~car, ~gar, ~zar” verbs • These verbs have a spelling change in the command form. Completa Actividad 6, p. 260

6. Pronoun placement with commands, p. 264 • Placement depends on whether the command is affirmative or negative. • With affirmative commands, pronouns are attached to the end of the verb. Llévenos al supermercado. (Take usto the supermarket.) Pónganlas en la mesa. (Put themon the table.) *An accent is added to the stressed vowel of the command of two or more syllables.

7. Negative commands & object pronoun placement • Object pronouns are placed BEFORE the verb and after “no” Nole venda esta camisa. (Don’t sell her/him this shirt.) Nolo prueben. (Don’t taste it.) Completa Actividad 13, p. 265

8. Affirmative & Negative words, p. 283 • Indefinite words that refer to non-specific people, things, or situations can be affirmative or negative.

9. Rules of affirmative/negative words • Alguno(a) and ninguno(a) have different forms before masculine singular nouns. alguno > algúnninguno > ningún ¿Quieres algún filete? (Do you want some steak?) No, no quiero ningún plato con carne. (No, I do not want any dish with meat.)

10. A double negative is required in Spanish when “no” comes before the verb. Indefinite words that follow “no” must be negative. No veo nada. (I do not see anything.) • When “alguien” or “nadie” is the object of a verb, it is preceded by the personal a. ¿Conocesa alguiende España? (Do you know anyone from Spain?) No, no conozcoa nadiede España. (No, I do not know anyone from Spain.) Completa Actividad Actividad 6, p. 284

11. Double object pronouns, p. 288 • For placement of both direct and indirect object pronouns in the same sentence. • The indirect object pronoun comes first. La camarera nos trajo el caldo a Juan y a mí. > The waitress brought the broth to Juan and me. La camarera nos lo trajo. > The waitress brought it to us. 2.When a conjugated verb appears with an infinitive or a verb in the ~ndo form, you can put the pronouns before the conjugated verb ORattach them to the infinitve or ~ndo form. Me los vas a pedir. OR Vas a pedírmelos.(You are going to ask me for them.)

12. Me los estás pidiendo. OR Estás pidiéndomelos. (You are asking me for them.) *When attaching pronouns, you must add an accent to the stressed vowel. 3.If both pronouns start with the letter “l”, change the indirect object to “se”. Le pedí la cuenta al camarero. > Se la pedí.(I asked him for it.) ¿Les puedes llevar el té a esas mujeres? > ¿Puedes llevárselo?(Can you take it to them? Completa Activitad 13 & 14, p. 289