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Music Production – From the Beginning to the Present Day

Music Production – From the Beginning to the Present Day. By Alex Diekmann. “In the beginning…”. History of sound recording dates back to 1796 – Swiss watchmaker develops idea for what we now call a cylindrical musical box.

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Music Production – From the Beginning to the Present Day

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  1. Music Production – From the Beginning to the Present Day By Alex Diekmann

  2. “In the beginning…” • History of sound recording dates back to 1796 – Swiss watchmaker develops idea for what we now call a cylindrical musical box. • (Mid 1800’s) Player Piano invented (self-playing piano – reproduces music via long paper roll with etches corresponding to piano keys.

  3. The “Phonoautograph” • 1st device to record arbitrary sound. • Invented in 1857 by Leon Scott • Could only record sound – not play back. • Inspired Thomas Edison’s invention of…

  4. The Phonograph • Invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. • Could record and play back sound. • Cylinder used as recording medium (via metal stylus etches onto cylinder).

  5. The Phonograph (Cont.) Advantages: • Could now record and play back sound Disadvantages: • Cylinders difficult to mass-produce • Could only record up to 3 min. of sound • Had to wind by hand to listen to sound • Playbacks limited by life of cylinder

  6. The Gramophone • Invented 1887 by Emile Berliner. • Inscribes grooves horizontally on disc instead of vertically (like the cylinder). • Depth of groove remains constant.

  7. The Gramophone (Cont.) Advantages of Records over Cylinders: • Easier/cheaper to mass-produce • Greater lifespan than cylinders • Takes up less space = more convenient! As a result… • Records wildly popular until 1980’s – replace cylinders completely by 1929.

  8. “Around the same time...” – The Birth of Electrical Recording • (1899) Invention of a magnetic wire recorder – pioneers magnetic tape recording • (1926) Fritz Pfleumer invents magnetic tape recording in Germany – technology doesn’t reach USA until after WWII (1947) – pioneers reel-to-reel tape recording and cassette tapes.

  9. Magnetic Tape Recording The Process: • Sound is captured/changed into electrical signal • Electrical signal is fed to the recording head, inducing a pattern of magnetization similar to the signal onto the magnetic tape (RECORDING) • A playback head picks up the changes in the magnetic field from the tape and converts it into an electrical signal. (PLAYBACK)

  10. Magnetic Tape Recording (Cont.) Advantages over other recording methods: • Recording duration longer than possible on a standard record • Little to no loss of sound quality over time • Sound could be erased and re-recorded on the same tape several times Reel-to-reel tape used as primary method for recording music until 21st Century

  11. Introduction of Digital Audio • (Up until mid 1970’s) all sound recorded was analog (IE. Sound waves) on either magnetic tape or vinyl records. • Digital sound = computerized sound (#’s) • Digital sound recording (circa 1970’s) pioneers CD’s and (eventually) the MP3 audio format.

  12. Compact Discs • Put on the market in 1982 by Sony – remains the current standard physical medium for commercial audio recordings. • 1980’s – 1990’s – Gradual transition from audio cassettes to compact discs.

  13. The Dominance of the MP3 Player • 21st Century marks the turning point for digital audio • MP3 Players (IPod’s in particular) revolutionize the world, putting CD players and walkmans on the brink of extinction. • Most convenient form of portable music • Revolution? (Over 100 million IPod’s sold)

  14. The future? • Likely to see MP3 players increase in popularity – CD’s may altogether disappear from the mainstream. • Computerization of audio and visual entertainment on the increase as well • Convenience governs popularity

  15. References • http://www.customrecords.com/Phonograph_Record_History.html • http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/analog-digital1.htm • http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/analog-digital3.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_mixing • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_disc • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramophone_record • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_sound_recording • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_tape_sound_recording • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphones • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonograph • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_recording

  16. The End(thank you for your time)

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