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CS335 Networking & Network Administration

Thursday April 1. CS335 Networking & Network Administration. Transmission Media. Computer communication involves encoding data in a form of energy Electric current Radio waves Light beams. Transmission Media.

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CS335 Networking & Network Administration

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  1. Thursday April 1 CS335 Networking &Network Administration

  2. Transmission Media • Computer communication involves encoding data in a form of energy • Electric current • Radio waves • Light beams

  3. Transmission Media Copper used because of low resistance to electric current means signals travel further Interference – electrical energy from one wire to another UTP – Unshielded twisted pair – used by phone systems as well STP – Shielded twisted pair Coaxial Cable (thicknet and thinnet) Fiber optic cable

  4. Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP 4 pairs of color coded 22 or 24 gauge copper External diameter of .43 cm is advantage for installation Disadvantage is that it is more prone to electrical noise and interference. The twists cancel out electrical interference and prevent signals from interfering (crosstalk)

  5. UTP • IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) standards on number of twists per meter • 100 meter maximum length for 10BaseT • CAT 3,4,5,5e,6 cables types • 10BaseT – 10 megabit • 100BaseT – 100 megabit (fast ethernet) • 1000BaseT – 1000 megabit (gigabit) • RJ45 connectors

  6. UTP • TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) • EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) • TIA/EIA networking standards • 568-A standards for cable performance • CAT 3,4,5 • 90 meter cable runs • 10 meter patch cord and cross connect jumpers

  7. UTP Implementation • 4 pair • 4 tip conductors T1 through T4 • 4 ring conductors R1 through R4 • First pair is T1 and R1, etc. • RJ 45

  8. UTP • Orange – White orange • Blue – White blue • Green – White green • Brown – White brown • Straight through and crossover cables • Cable testers

  9. UTP Wiring

  10. STP Shielded Twisted Pair • Shielded • Reduces crosstalk • Reduces EMI (Electromagnetic interference) • RFI (Radio frequency interference)

  11. Coaxial Cable • Run longer distances • More durable • Thicknet hardly used anymore • Thinnet (OD=.35cm) more flexible • Not used much more • Found in legacy installations

  12. Fiber-Optic cable • Shielded glass fiber • LED’s or lasers transmit light • Receiver on other end • Polished ends • No electrical interference • Carry signals much further • Light can carry more data the electrical • One fiber can carry data instead of 2 wires to complete electrical circuits

  13. Fiber Single Mode – axial, light travels down the axis of the cable • Used in WAN’s – faster (up to 10 Gbps) • Multimode – light enters the glass pipe at different angles and travels nonaxially bouncing off the walls of the glass tube • Used more in LAN’s

  14. Fiber • Can’t bend 90 degrees but can form a circle • Hard to repair • Need highly polished ends on installation

  15. Radio (Wireless) • Data encoded on electromagnetic radio waves • Standard IEEE 802.11

  16. Satellite • Geosynchronous • Low earth orbit • Microwave – line of sight • Infrared – short distance, line of sight

  17. Ethernet Specifications Summary

  18. LAN Technologies • Ethernet • Token Ring • FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)

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