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Managing the Temporary Movement of Foreign Workers

Managing the Temporary Movement of Foreign Workers. Sophie Nonnenmacher Migration Policy Specialist Migration Policy, Research and Communication Department. Structure of the presentation Introduction: Why promoting labour mobility matters? 2. What is GATS Mode 4?

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Managing the Temporary Movement of Foreign Workers

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  1. Managing the Temporary Movement of Foreign Workers Sophie Nonnenmacher Migration Policy Specialist Migration Policy, Research and Communication Department

  2. Structure of the presentation • Introduction: Why promoting labour mobility matters? 2. What is GATS Mode 4? 3. How is labour mobility regulated today? 4. Conclusion: How to achieve policy coherence?

  3. certain job categories 1. Why promoting labour mobility matters? Migration regulators’ concerns Global economic gains - Security - Sovereignity - National identity - Social services - Impact on domestic labour markets: Est. USD 150 bl.-200 bl.per year Remittances: USD 318 bl in 2007 • wages Response to employment, demographic, social, environmental challenges

  4. 200 million 90 million ? ? 2. What is GATS Mode 4 ? Mode 4 within the overall migration picture Migrants worldwide -- all categories Labour migrants Temporary labour migrants Mode 4: temporary movement of persons for the provision of services

  5. 2. What is GATS Mode 4 ? Defining Mode 4 “the supply of a service (…) by a service supplier of one member, through the presence of natural persons of a member in the territory of any other members” (Art. I. 2-d). The Annex : does not apply to measures affecting access to the employment market of a member or to rules on citizenship, residence or employment on a permanent basis. Entry for specific purpose (not in labour market) Mode 4 Temporary

  6. 2. What is GATS Mode 4? Defining issues ? • Lack of uniform international definitions • - How long is temporary ? Who are GATS Mode 4 service providers ? • Self-employed or independent service suppliers • Employees of a foreign company who are sent to fullfil a contract • with a host country client • Employees of foreign companies established in the host country (Intra Corporate Transferees) • Business visitors

  7. Two sets of realities Developed along parallel tracks Governmental policies & practices for migration management Mode 4 Mode 4: not a migration agreement ; it’s about trade in services 3. Mode 4 within overall migration picture Relevant regulatory framework: Framework governing migration

  8. - Meet demand for labour - Protect domestic jobs and wages - Manage intra corporate transferees • Provide domestic business access to services • (contractual service suppliers). - Admissions policy - Labour Market Assessments - Work Permits 4. Tools/Mechanisms for Managing Temporary Labour Migration Migration management: first and foremost at national level a. Countries of destination - Objectives - Promote business or investment more broadly (business visitors). - Tools - Quotas - Economic Needs Tests

  9. Philippines Overseas Employment Agency (POEA) 4. Tools/Mechanisms for Managing Temporary Labour Migration b. Countries of origin - Objectives - Place excess labour overseas - Acquire & transfer home skills & resources - Facilitate flow of remittances - Tools - Recruits - Screens - Prepares - Supports Filippino workers for overseas employment

  10. - Recognition transnational phenomenon: transnational approaches - Increasingly globalized labour market - Rise of migration on int. agendas 4. Tools/Mechanisms for Managing Temporary Labour Migration Inter-state Cooperation

  11. Bilateral labour agreements - All skill levels Regional trade and integration agreements 4. Tools/Mechanisms for Managing Temporary Labour Migration Tools - On the rise - Multiple goals - Increasing Regional Consultative Processes

  12. 4. Conclusion: How to achieve policy coherence? Governmental policies & practices for migration management: Unilateral/Bilateral/ Regional/GATS Mode 4 Trade and trade in services policy Economic, social and human Development

  13. THANK YOU www.iom.int snonnenmacher@iom.int

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