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8-5 Standard :

ISN Page 119 : Reconstruction Title Page Standard: 8-5 Indicators: 8-5.1, 8-5.2, 8-5.3 - 3 Words and Pic with Color. 8-5 Standard :.

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8-5 Standard :

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  1. ISN Page 119: Reconstruction Title PageStandard: 8-5Indicators: 8-5.1, 8-5.2, 8-5.3- 3 Words and Pic with Color

  2. 8-5 Standard: The student will understand the impact of Reconstruction, industrialization, and Progressivism on society and politics in SC in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

  3. 8-5.1 Indicator: Analyze the development of Reconstruction policy and its impact in SC, including the presidential and the congressional reconstruction plans, the role of black codes, and the Freedmen’s Bureau.

  4. 8-5.2 Indicator: Describe the economic impact of Reconstruction on South Carolinians in each of the various social classes.

  5. 8-5.3 Indicator: Summarize the successes and failures of Reconstruction in SC, including the creation of political, educational, and social opportunities for African Americans; the rise of discriminatory groups; and the withdrawal of federal protection.

  6. Essential Questions We Will Answer! How did Reconstruction attempt to resolve problems left from the Civil War? What were the successes and failures in SC Related to Reconstruction ? How did Reconstruction affect people in South Carolina? What political events occurred in SC that were related to the Constitution of 1868 ?

  7. Secession is illegal. States’ Rights can exist but the federal (US) government is sovereign – has ultimate authority. Slavery is ended. What the Civil War Decided

  8. Effects of the Civil War • Almost 620,000 Americans lost their lives, more then all other US wars in our history. • Thousands of soldiers were permanently injured (lost arms or legs)

  9. The South After the Civil War • Because of Sherman’s March, farmland produced below levels, railroads couldn’t transport food or goods, bridges & roads destroyed - prevented transportation. • Southern economy & banks were in ruins - many people couldn’t pay taxes & debts.

  10. ISN Pages 120-121: 8-5.1 Notes - Reconstruction (1865-1876)

  11. Land, homes, public buildings destroyed. Charleston in ruins from shelling. Columbia in ruins from fire. Confederate money worthless. SC people / government broke. 35% of White male population dead. Struggling freed slaves – no homes, money or education. A: Problems left from the war

  12. 1. Eleven year (1865-1876) process of rebuilding the South following the Civil War. 2. Federal (US) government was more concerned with rebuilding the South politically and socially. 3. Federal (US) government expected the South to rebuild itself physically and economically. B: Reconstruction?

  13. C: What needed to be rebuilt? 2. PHYSICALLY: How can SC afford to rebuild homes, buildings, railroads, when they have no money? 1. POLITICALLY: Who will run the Government now? 3. SOCIALLY: How will former slaves be helped? How will Whites deal with a new social class? 4. ECONOMICALLY: What will planters do without slave labor? What jobs will former slaves find?

  14. Heading, Side 1: 8-5.1: Reconstruction – rebuilding South politically and socially and reunification of the United States Labels: 1. Lincoln’s Plan 2. Johnson’s Plan 3. Congressional Plan ISN Pg. 122: 8-5.1 Tri-Fold Chart

  15. Heading, Side 2: 8-5.1: Goal of Reconstruction amendments: Equal treatment for all American citizens Labels: 1. 13th Amendment 2. 14th Amendment 3. 15th Amendment ISN Pg. 122: 8-5.1 Tri-Fold Chart:

  16. 8-5.1 Tri-Fold Chart Guide…To help guide your Dash Notes, Side1 (Plans):1. What are the plan guidelines / rules / goals?2. Who supports this plan?3. Is this plan harsh on Confederacy or lenient (easy) on the Confederacy?To help guide your Dash Notes, Side 2 (Amendments):1. Guidelines of the Amendment (can summarize)2. Who did this Amendment affect?3. Reaction to this Amendment – did everyone follow the rules of this Amendment? If not, explain.

  17. Presidential Reconstruction

  18. Lincoln’s Plan – Reunited U.S. ASAP

  19. 10% Plan • Replace high level Confederate officials with “loyal rule”. Pardoned ALL but highest ranking Confederate officers. • Slavery prohibited (Adopt 13th amendment). • 10% of a state’s voting population had to take loyalty oath and establish a new govt. • Lenient / easy on the South.

  20. Lincoln’s plan was not finished before he was assassinated. April 14, 1865: He was shot in Ford’s Theatre by John Wilkes Booth. Booth was a southern sympathizer who thought he was helping the south by killing Lincoln. Lincoln's Assassination

  21. Lincoln’s Assassination

  22. Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes President of the United States..

  23. President Andrew Johnson • Became President when Lincoln died. • Democrat. • Anti-Aristocrat. • White Supremacist. • Agreed with Lincolnthat states had neverlegally left the Union.

  24. Appointed new governors for each Southern state. Pardoned many ex-Confederates. (Wealthy had to pay fee for pardon) Each state had to approve 13th amendment. Was lenient on the South BUT, Johnson DID NOT want African Americans involved in Reconstruction. Johnson’s Plan

  25. ISN Page 123: 8-5.1 Presidential Reconstruction NFW: Draw a Basic Venn Diagram contrasting the Reconstruction Plans of President Lincoln and President Johnson.

  26. 13th Amendment • Ratified December, 1865. • Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, (except as punishment for crime…), shall exist within the US…

  27. 13th Amendment

  28. Recognized citizenship of African Americans: Overturned Dred Scott Decision Gave all citizens equal protection under the law and due process (court) SC refused to ratify the 14th 14th Amendment

  29. The 14th Amendment

  30. Radical (Congressional) Reconstruction

  31. Congress Breaks with the President • Congress does not allow Southern Congressional delegates into Congress. • Committee on Reconstruction created. • President Johnson vetoes everything so Congress gets MAD! • Congress passed bills over Johnson’s vetoes

  32. President Johnson’s Impeachment President Johnson continued to fight Congress and appointed people to positions without Congressional approval. • The House impeached Johnson by a vote of 126 – 47 but did not vote to remove him from office.

  33. Congressional Reconstruction • Led by Radical Republicans. • Military occupation of states. • -Divided into 5 districts. SC=#2 • Required new state constitutions that ratified 13th and 14th Amendments / right to vote for blacks. (1867)

  34. - Gave ALL male citizens right to vote regardless of race, creed, or previous condition of servitude This helped Republican party increase their political power in the South and get Grant elected in 1868 SC refused to ratify the 15th 15th Amendment

  35. 15th Amendment

  36. Social "Adjustment" in South Carolina

  37. South Carolina Constitution of 1868

  38. 1. How and Who? Congress forced SC to elect new state delegates and write new constitution Most delegates were Blacks and recent immigrants (Northerners) 2. Provisions (Guidelines): Based representation in state legislature on population alone (not $$$) Abolished property qualification to hold office Gave right to vote to ALL males Provided for public education ISN Page 124: 8-5.1 SC Constitution of 1868

  39. 1. Established by Congress during War 2. Helped poor freedmen and Whites: Obtain food, clothing, medical care, education, jobs, protection Establish over 1,000 schools in South Tried to give freedmen confiscated land, but President Johnson returned it to plantation owners…claimed he had to respect their property rights BUT…social programs cost $$$ - taxes increase ISN Page 125: 8-5.1 Freedmen’s Bureau

  40. The Freedman’s Bureau

  41. Freedmen’s Bureau School

  42. The Freedmen’s Bureau fell short • Promised “forty acres and a mule” to freed blacks, but could not deliver this. • Did not provide money to teach new professions to freed blacks. • Did not have enough funds to provide for all.

  43. Sharecropping • Sharecropping - when landowners provided land, tools, & supplies while the sharecropper provided the labor. • At harvest time, the sharecropper paid the landowner with crops & what was left over was the sharecropper’s to sell for a profit. • Sharecroppers hoped to save enough money to own their own land. This rarely happened.

  44. Partner Work – Complete the contract One of you is the sharecropper; one of you is the landowner Answer all four questions completely – the number in parentheses next to the question indicates how many responses you should have to that question. You must TAG ALL questions. You may answer questions on the back of the worksheet or on a separate sheet of notebook paper. Landowner / Sharecropper Contract:

  45. Tenancy & the Crop Lien System

  46. ISN Pages 42-43:8-5.2 People NotesThe Effects of Reconstruction on Daily Life…

  47. Purpose of Black Codes and Segregation: • Laws that only Blacks had to obey • Guarantee stable labor supply now that blacks were emancipated • Restore socialsystem of slave days • Keep former slaves in “their place”

  48. Jim Crow Laws and Segregation – (10 Note minimum). Answer questions 1 and 2 at the bottom of the page. Images on following slides. Reading:

  49. Segregation & Jim Crow

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