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Subjunctive Mood

Subjunctive Mood. •a mood, not a tense •tells what “may” happen though not necessarily what “will” happen. You have learned the Indicative mood. The subjunctive mood is used to express actions or ideas which are subjective-or uncertain.

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Subjunctive Mood

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  1. Subjunctive Mood •a mood, not a tense •tells what “may” happen though not necessarily what “will” happen

  2. You have learned the Indicative mood. • The subjunctive mood is used to express actions or ideas which are subjective-or uncertain. • obligation, possibility, emotion, will, necessity, and doubt.

  3. is not commonly used in English today. • English examples: • It’s necessary that we leave.I want you to do it. • God save the Queen!

  4. not a "fact" expressed by the sentence.. Consider the following sentences of English: 1) I believe that John is ill.2) I'm sorry that John is ill. • It's not obvious on the surface, but there's a subtle difference between the structure or emphasis of the two sentences. The first sentence places more of an emphasis on the fact that John is ill, whereas the second places more of an emphasis on the speaker's reaction to John being ill.

  5. In French, we show this difference of emphasis with a subjunctive verb form. • The I believe... case is expressed with a "normal" (indicative) present tense verb. • Je crois que Jean est malade.I believe that Jean is ill. • the I'm sorry... case– where the emphasis of the sentence is the speaker's reaction– is generally expressed with a special subjunctive verb form: • Je suis désolé que Jean soit malade.I'm sorry that Jean is-SUBJUNCTIVE ill.

  6. To conjugate the subjunctive . . . • Take the “ils” form of the present indicative tense and drop the -ent. • Add the appropriate endings, as follows: e ions es iez e ent

  7. Example: finir je finis nous finissons tu finis vous finissez il/elle finitils/elles finissent finiss stem: que je finisse que nous finissions que tu finisses que vous finissiez qu’il/elle finisse qu’ils/elles finissent

  8. Example: jouer je joue nous jouons tu joues vous jouez il/elle joue ils/elles jouent jou stem: que je joue que nous jouions que tu joues que vous jouiez qu’il/elle joue qu’ils/elles jouent

  9. The subjunctive must be preceded by an expression of obligation, possibility, necessity, emotion, will, or doubt: •il faut que •il est possible que •il est bon que note: these are •il vaut mieux que already on your handout •il est juste que

  10. . . .or one of these . . . •il est nécessaire que •il est impossible que •il est important que •il est temps que

  11. Watch out for the “big four”: •AVOIR •ETRE •ALLER •FAIRE

  12. que j’aie que tu aies qu’il ait qu’elle ait que nous ayons que vous ayez qu’ils aient qu’elles aient AVOIR

  13. que je sois que tu sois qu’il soit qu’elle soit que nous soyons que vous soyez qu’ils soient qu’elles soient ETRE

  14. que j’aille que tu ailles qu’il aille qu’elle aille que nous allions que vous alliez qu’ils aillent qu’elles aillent ALLER

  15. que je fasse que tu fasses qu’il fasse qu’elle fasse que nous fassions que vous fassiez qu’ils fassent qu’elles fassent FAIRE

  16. SAVOIR que je sache que tu saches qu’il/elle sache que nous sachions que vous sachiez qu’ ils/elles sachent

  17. POUVOIR que je puisse que nous puissions que tu puisses que vous puissiez qu’il puisse qu’ils puissent qu’elle puisse qu’elles puissent

  18. VENIR que je vienne que tu viennes qu’il/elle vienne que nous venions que vous veniez qu’ils/elles viennent

  19. Maintenant . . . pratiquons!!

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