Presentation for consultation in Debriefing meeting 1 st October 2008 Kathmandu, Nepal

1. Koshi Floods 2008-A Scoping Mission for Recovery Planning23rd September – 3rd October 2008By UNDP Nepal andUNDP’s Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery Presentation for consultation in Debriefing meeting 1st October 2008 Kathmandu, Nepal

2. Presentation Outline I. Background • Aim and scope of this mission • Situation overview II. Current Humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery III. Proposed recovery coordination IV. Proposed recovery planning V. Post disaster damage and needs assessment for recovery

3. Aim and Scope of the mission Aim • To advise the UNDP CO on future recovery planning in support of the GoN and the IASC; • To support the UNDP CO in assisting the GoN on recovery coordination in context of the ongoing initiatives of different agencies; and • To support the UNDP CO in assisting the GoN and IASC on post disaster needs assessment as relevant in the geographical and response context. Scope • Floods from the embankment breach on the Koshi river • Focusing on recovery • UNDP’s facilitation support to the government and IASC

4. Situation overview The event: Breach of embankment on the Saptakoshi river on 18th August Causes of the event • Low maintenance of embankment • High siltation over time Overview of the event in approximate numbers • No. of affected VDCs: 8 • No. of affected families: 11,000 • No. of affected persons: 55,000 • Area of affected land: 5,500 hectares • Loss of livestock: 13,000 heads including birds • No. of registered families: 7,600 • No. of registered persons : 44,000 • No. of temporary camps: 28 • No. of permanent camps: 1 (1 under progress)

5. Situation overview (contd) The patterns of displacement

6. Current humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery

7. Current humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery • Humanitarian coordination: efficient and empowering • Accounting for the affected • Influx of Indian population • Registration of the displaced in host families • Secondary displacement • Duplication in and illegal registration • Availability of Land for short term shelter and long term settlement • Government planning for lease • In situ resettlement should be promoted with flood resilient measures • Future course of the river • Costs and benefits of the alternatives • Time required for implementation

8. Current humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery • Transition from current settlements • Time required for water to recede • Service provision in temporary settlements • Standards for camp management • Onset of winter • Access to energy for preparing food and other purposes • Amount of loss of agricultural land- predictions of 25-40% • Government preparing for running camps for the next 9 months

9. Proposed recovery coordination

10. Proposed recovery coordination • Inter-ministerial coordination • Central Disaster Relief Committee as per the Natural Calamity Relief Act of 1982 • MOPPW (in coordination with MOHA) may be given mandate for recovery as the lead of the reconstruction sub-committee in the Act • MoWR and MOFA should continue to play an important part in light of the uniqueness of the event in relation to India (Joint committee on water issues) • The other critical line ministries like MoAC, MOHP and MoE should also have an important role to play • Global cluster approach for recovery • How early should be early recovery? As early as possible • Could go on to support the longer term recovery if required • Should support the humanitarian community in sustaining their investments without putting additional pressure on them • Critical partnerships required with the World Bank and ADB • Early recovery coordination support to HC’s office through and ER advisor / coordinator

11. Proposed recovery coordination • District level recovery coordination • Agencies have initiated ER activities with out any formal cluster • The DDRC would continue to lead the coordination in the recovery process • Continuation of staff during the crisis and recovery period • Involvement of local CBOs and networks such as DP Net • Involvement of private sector, media and academic institutions • Corporate: Global compact members, FNCCI, NCC, Architects association, Engineers’ association, contractors’ association, banking and insurance and so on • Media: Across the regions(not restricted to the East), across languages and from both central and local level • Academic institutions: Engineering, medicine, social work and so on • A joint coordination mechanism should be set up under the leadership of the GoN to incorporate all the above four areas

12. Proposed Recovery Planning

13. Few critical issues for recovery planning • Government of India’s commitment of support • Repair and strengthening of the embankment as per the Koshi Treaty • Repair of the East – West highway • Availability of primary data • This is a pre-requisite for any damage or needs assessment • The government should be supported on data collection • Agricultural season • Harvest of the current crop if possible, would be due by November • Winter crop sowing would be in December • Agricultural support would have to be accordingly timed • The upcoming festival period in October and December • The festivals of Dashain, Tihar, Chhat and Christmas will impact on response in the coming last quarter of 2008

14. Proposed Recovery Planning-developing a recovery framework

15. Proposed Recovery Planning Early Recovery Planning • Early recovery strategic framework should be based on • An early recovery coordination mechanism outline earlier • An early recovery needs assessment like the recent inter-agency needs assessment • A strategic planning process that could build on the GoN’s 9-month plan • Early recovery strategic framework should include • Analytical summary of findings of the needs assessment • Comparative advantage of the respective agencies as partly highlighted the current and previous humanitarian appeals in Nepal and the CCA/UNDAF documents • Sequence of the priorities • Link to the longer term recovery process • Consideration to cross-cutting issues like gender, age, HIV/AIDS, human rights, environment and disaster risk reduction In this particular case one option could be that a Post disaster needs assessment be undertaken in continuum on the basis of which both early and long term recovery planning is based

16. Proposed Recovery Planning From early to long term recovery: Key elements of the planning process • Baseline of development and DRR objectives • Post disaster needs assessment for recovery • Prioritization of needs • Response options analysis • Developing the recovery framework

17. Post disaster needs assessment for recovery

18. Post disaster needs assessment for recovery Joint assessment team • Led by the government at the central and district levels • Supported by relevant IASC members • In partnership with the World Bank and ADB The process • Collection of primary data • Methodology to be adopted • Preparation of ToRs for sector wise assessment; • Identification of technical expertise and team composition • Analysis for inputting into the next stages of recovery planning The timing • Starting early to mid November • Beginning with a rapid and practical assessment of ER needs and ending with a detailed needs assessment for longer term needs

19. Post disaster needs assessment for recovery • Baseline • state of each sector prior to the floods. • How the status of the sector affects MDG achievement • Describe and quantify the types of physical damages • Identify the sources of this data and its limitations. • Human dimensions • Impact of damages and losses at the household level • Local capacities and capacity building priorities • Local level community based initiatives that can be reoriented for promoting early and longer term recovery • Underlying causes that may have exacerbated the risk • Human rights claims related to humanitarian response • Negative coping mechanism that may perpetuate the effects of the disaster and create new risks • Disaggregated treatment differentiating the impacts on the basis of cross cutting issues like gender • Potential secondary threats

20. Post disaster needs assessment for recovery • Direct damages • Methodology used for economic value of damaged and destroyed assets. • Identify sources of uncertainty in the calculated values • Intermediate values for understanding final direct damage value • Indirect losses • Economic value of downstream losses that will accrue to the economy • Intermediate values for indirect loss value for the sector.

21. Recovery needs assessment-areas of focus • Based on the damage assessment, apply identify immediate priority and implementable measures for promoting rapid recovery and those for long term recovery • Differentiate among the recovery needs of affected groups, paying particular attention to the needs of women, and the poorest and most disadvantaged socio-economic groups • Describe general implementation considerations for different planning scenarios and an estimated budget for the measures identified • Relate the identified measures to any relevant MDGs and describe how the identified measures will advance progress towards those MDGs • Identify risks of future disasters – flood-related and otherwise – and early and long term recovery measures that will reduce those risks.

22. Early recovery programming - suggested interventions Few suggested interventions in the given context (not exhaustive) • Camp based education • Alternative livelihoods promotion in camps • Repair of damaged shelter • Semi – permanent housing options • Veterinary support for accompanying livestock • Training to DDRC member offices on governance for recovery • Technical training support to MOPPW engineers on camp construction • Tracking system for persons living with host families • Assistance for sand removal from houses and agricultural farms • Masonry training on hazard resistant construction • Community based early warning systems

23. Long term recovery programming - suggested interventions Few suggested interventions in the given context (not exhaustive) • River hydrology study (upstream and downstream) • Physical planning • Encourage in situ resettlement • Infrastructure restoration • Shelter reconstruction • Agriculture and livestock including alternative cropping • Alternative livelihoods • Environmental restoration • Cross-cutting issues like gender, local governance • Longer term risk reduction- Build Back Better

24. Just to recap I. Background II. Current Humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery III. Proposed recovery coordination IV. Proposed recovery planning V. Post disaster damage and needs assessment for recovery

25. Thank you