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Intro to the Middle Ages

Intro to the Middle Ages. Understanding Terms. Medieval?. Understanding Terms. Medieval Comes from Latin, medium aevum …of, relating to, or characteristic of the Middle Ages… Exhibiting the severity or illiberality ascribed to a former age; cruel, barbarous.

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Intro to the Middle Ages

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  1. Intro to the Middle Ages

  2. Understanding Terms • Medieval?

  3. Understanding Terms • Medieval • Comes from Latin, medium aevum • …of, relating to, or characteristic of the Middle Ages… • Exhibiting the severity or illiberality ascribed to a former age; cruel, barbarous. • U.S.to get medieval  : to use violence or extreme measures on, to become aggressive.

  4. Understanding Terms • Medieval • Why do they call it Middle Ages?

  5. Understanding Terms • Medieval • Why do they call it Middle Ages? • A Backward-Looking Construct

  6. Understanding Terms • Medieval • Why do they call it Middle Ages? • A Backward-Looking Construct • During the Middle Ages

  7. Understanding Terms • Medieval • Why do they call it Middle Ages? • A Backward-Looking Construct • During the Middle Ages • Birth of an idea

  8. Understanding Terms • Medieval • Why do they call it Middle Ages? • A Backward-Looking Construct • During the Middle Ages • Birth of an idea • Connotations… • Protestant Reformation • Enlightenment • Today

  9. As Historians • Decentralized Political Structure • Christianity • Decline and Revival of Trade • Evolution (Transformation?) of an Economic System

  10. Periodization • Part I • Early Middle Ages (Dark Ages): 500-1000 • Late Antiquity: 300-800 • Reconciling

  11. Periodization • Part I • Early Middle Ages (Dark Ages): 500-1000 • Late Antiquity: 300-800 • Reconciling • Part II, High Middle Ages: 1000-1300 • Part III, Late Middle Ages: 1300-1500

  12. Continuity into EMA • Romanized Barbarians

  13. Continuity into EMA • Romanized Barbarians • Embrace Roman Customs • Continued growth of Christian Church • Continued Social Structure

  14. Decline/Change in EMA • Political Decentralizaton

  15. Decline/Change in EMA • Political Decentralizaton • Depopulation

  16. Decline/Change in EMA • Political Decentralizaton • Depopulation • Decline of Cities

  17. Decline/Change in EMA • Political Decentralizaton • Depopulation • Decline of Cities • Decline of Intellectual Activity

  18. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33)

  19. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Getting goods to market? A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33)

  20. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Role of the imperial govt? Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33)

  21. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Econ. Impact of legions? FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33)

  22. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Size of the consumer mkt? Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33)

  23. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) • How do we know? • Coins • Roof Tiles • Pottery

  24. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) • How do we know? • Coins • Roof Tiles • Pottery

  25. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses? Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  26. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Impact on another part of the emp’s econ? Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts

  27. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  28. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  29. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Most obvious effect? N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  30. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. Econ. Impact as army dissolves? Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  31. Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  32. Italy no longer getting imper. taxes Lost imp. $ as army dissolves W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: When gov fails? Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. Violence & turmoil disrupt trade A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  33. Italy no longer getting imper. taxes Lost imp. $ as army dissolves W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Econ. impact of lost N. prov’s? Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. Violence & turmoil disrupt trade A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  34. W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  35. Italy no longer getting imper. taxes Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ.

  36. No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Italy no longer getting imper. taxes Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. Plague + Persian, Slav, Avar, & Arab attacks (FC.44)

  37. W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Violence & turmoil disrupt trade Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Lost markets in W. Mediterranean No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Italy no longer getting imper. taxes Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Lost provinces, trade & taxes Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Aegean econ’s  after 600 due to: Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. Plague + Persian, Slav, Avar, & Arab attacks (FC.44)

  38. W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Violence & turmoil disrupt trade Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Lost provinces, trade & taxes No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Italy no longer getting imper. taxes Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Lost markets in W. Mediterranean Imp. Gov. Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Aegean econ’s  after 600 due to: Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces Stimulates their econ. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) a Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. Plague + Persian, Slav, Avar, & Arab attacks (FC.44) Collapse of political order in W. Europe after 800 (FC.41)

  39. Conclusion • Political and Economic Disintegration • Atomized Society • Margins of World History • New Center of Mass

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