Load Calculation Manual 2003.04.03

1. Load Calculation Manual 2003.04.03 Output : 1. Screen Outputs (Results, Pareto Chart, Hourly Estimation) 2. Optional Outputs (*CLTD.txt, *TETD.txt) 3. Reports (*.txt `)

2. Program Main Page – Outdoor Condition Selection Outdoor Condition Selection (Add, Modify) & Country Selection 1. Enable to make a short note like location, owner, installation time.. 1. Outdoor Design Condition (Dry Bulb, Web Bulb, Relative Humidity, Specific Humidity)

3. Program Main Page – Indoor Condition Selection 1. Building Type (Single Story, Top Story, Multi…) 2. This input condition is used in CLTD/SCL Method 1. Indoor Design Conditions (DB, WB, RH, SH) 2. Summer, Winter Design Conditions are necessary. 1. If select “Room Name”, then internal DB displays the most recommendable data for internal heat 2. Want to modify this data, you can change the values of *.MST file by using ACCESS software 3. Or rewrite the data of heat arousal in the box manually

4. Ambient Condition Registration 1. Latitude : According to the this, solar irradiation will vary. 2. DB & WB for cooling load calculation -> Input the actual outdoor design temperature -> Maximum outdoor temperature is used in CLTD/SCL Method. This value can change the total load slightly… 3. DB &WB for heating load calculation -> Means outdoor design temperature in winter -> Please input the relative humidity adaptable for your country. 4. Daily Range : Temperature difference through the whole day. ->Generally, temperature is lowest at 05:00 AM and highest at 15:00 PM 5. T.A.C (Technical Advisory Committee) 2.5% -> About 2.5% of the total cooling days through the summer possibly being hotter than the design outdoor temperature -> For the less energy consumption and avoiding oversized machine 1. Enable to add or modify data of DB for your preference

5. Calculation Method Selection 1. Load calculation method of “Auto” means CLTD/SCL method. 2. Manual means TETD/TA method is using and gives more additional options to simulate the heat load

6. Internal Condition Input 1. Existing Equipment Selection 1. Ventilation Method 1. Heat Reclaim Efficiency 1. Heating Load Calculation 1. Ballast Factor for Lights 1. Cooling Load Calculation

7. Internal factors’ design condition 1. According to the usage of a room, recommendable data displays 2. Default values(summer, winter, occupancy, light and so on) 3. You can also change all values in main screen manually. Otherwise, you can change the data by using ACCESS s/w directly

8. Equipment Loads and Ventilation Method 1. For ventilation, there are 3 general methods One for resident based air rate, another for seasonal air change rate, the other for introduction ratio of outdoor air. 2. If not easy to decide the method, the 3rd method will become more practical application 1. You can select the heat arousal of the equipment one by one 2. If there is a unexpected machine, directly input the heat from it

9. Wall/Roof Generation 1. Generate the materials of structure such as wall and roof by composing one by one from inside to outside 2. “Import” functions loading the internal master DB which is previously made for reference and “Export” functions saving file that you made into master DB 3. “Copy” function is used for adding materials or changing the names. 1. R means the resistance of the structure 2. U means the overall heat transfer coefficient of the structure 3 1 2

10. Wall/Roof Generation 3. Then the characteristics of the structure displays. They are massive layer location based on insulation location, main material like a concrete, concrete block, steel, thick clay, brick and wood and total resistance value of the structure which is a reverse of overall heat transfer coefficient. 1. To add a material or delete a material of structure, use arrow button at the right side. 2. After making the structure, press “Ok” button.

11. Wall Group Selection Procedure 1. Based on the resistance value, main material, 2nd material, wall group number can be decided and each wall group has its own temperature variation during the day in DB 1. All walls and roofs can be classified on 41, 42 types respectively. If the intentionally made structure doesn’t exist in DB, then the logic of program automatically select a certain group which is the most similar in DB physically. Being similar of structure physically means the structure has the same range of mass and heat capacity 2. TETD/TA method and CLTD/SCL method use the same DB(data base) of structure.

12. Wall Group Selection Procedure 1. This table is used for the selection of the roof group (The logic also select the roof group based on mass location, R-value, 1st material, and ceiling existence)

13. Structure Group Configuration 1. Each wall and roof group has its own time lag and decrement factor of heat flux 2. Every material of a structure has a alphabetic symbol which has its own property (density, mass per unit area) In the next page, alphabetic symbol will come with description.

14. 1. The description of the material Material in Structure

15. Window Selection and Configuration 1. If you select the window, it shows conduction coefficient and its configuration. 2. Generally, Low_e(emissive) type or Double type is popular one 1. Enable to modulate the shade factor of the glaze light colored : 0.6, dark colored : 0.8 (=weighting factor) 2. In case of the wall and roof, dark color is a basic option. -> The difference of being light and dark on wall and roof is about 15%.

16. Time Averaging 1. If you select “Manual” function at the beginning, each time you click this button, it questions. -> From 1 to 9 can be used. According to the increase of hour, peak time can vary. 2. Time averaging function is needed only when “TETD/TA” method is being used. Time averaging considers the effect of time lag of structure due to the radiation from wall & roof

17. Chart and Results • Hourly Estimation of Heat Load • Pareto chart shows the contribution portion of each heat gain through wall, roof, window, people and so on And “Hourly Estimation Chart” shows the load variation during the day. And “Calculation button” will generate one more file in the path you saved. It can be *CLTD.txt or *.TETD.txt • Loads • Calculation Button • Each time you want to calculate again, click the button • “Data” button will generate a file including the results on the screen. The file can be converted to EXCEL format

18. About File Saving 1. File saving (Automatically it is saved by the name of “unnamed.tlc” , however you reload program again, then this unnamed.tlc is renewed. That means old data of it is erased. 2. So please use “Save As” function always.

19. About Modifying 1. All values displayed automatically can be written again for your preference 1. Rewriting is available for all values including equipment heat and ventilation

20. About Result File for Evaluation 1. *TETD.txt 2. *CLTD.txt 1.These evaluation files are saved like above. The * will be same that you wrote in “Save As” 2. *TETD.txt is assigned to “Manual” method. 3. *CLTD.txt is assigned to “Auto” method.

21. About Result File for Reporting 1. Report file will store the results subsequently in *.txt 2. Undo or Delete function can’t be considered during the process. 3. *.txt