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X-ray observations of SN1006 Koyama, K . Kyoto University

X-ray observations of SN1006 Koyama, K . Kyoto University. Palmieri et al (1972) Ballon : The first X-ray detection Winkler and Laird : OSO7 The spectrum Photon index =2.3 or kT = 4 keV Becker et al (1980) SSS, OSO8 : Crab Like spectrum : Photon index = 2.2 (no emission line)

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X-ray observations of SN1006 Koyama, K . Kyoto University

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  1. X-ray observations of SN1006 Koyama, K.Kyoto University Palmieri et al (1972) Ballon : The first X-ray detection Winkler and Laird : OSO7 The spectrum Photon index =2.3or kT = 4 keV Becker et al (1980) SSS, OSO8 : Crab Like spectrum : Photon index=2.2 (no emission line) Vartanian et al.1985 (GSPC: Balloon) Detection of OVII line = Thermal Plasma (0.1-0.2 keV) Koyama et al. 1987 (GSPC: Tenma) : Steeper Power law Photon index- 3.3 NEI Plasma kT 1.9 keV Spectroscopy Suzaku Thermal vs Non-Thermal Morphology Chandra:  Very Thin Filaments

  2. 日本の記録:明月記 藤原定家 (1162-1241) が過去の記録をまとめる。 実際に観測し、 記録したのは 安倍吉昌 (?-1019) 清明の次男・陰陽頭

  3. 中国の記録 宋会要輯稿 五月一日(1006年5月30日)司天監言 先四月二日(5月1日)夜初更,見大星, 色黄,出庫楼東、騎官西,漸漸光明, 測在氐三度。 宋史天文志 景徳三年四月戊寅(5月6日), 周伯星見,出氐南騎官西一度, 状如半月,有芒角,煌煌然可以鉴物, 历庫楼東,八月,随天轮入浊, 十一月,復見在氐。

  4. 各国の記録 明月記(Japan): 寛弘三年四月二日(= 5/1)…如螢惑(=火星) Ibn al-Jawzi (Baghdad) :  A large star similar to Venus appeared to the left of qibla. at the beginning of the month of Sha’ban (=5/3). Ali ibn Ridwan(Egypt) : 2and a half to 3 times as large as Venus. The intensity of its light was a little more than a quarter of that moonlight. (5/5?) 宋史天文志(China) : 景徳三年四月戊寅(=5/6)…如半月 -2等級 -4等級 1/4 moon, -8等級 -10等級 参考: 満月= -12.6等級、金星= 最大-4.6等級

  5. Ia型絶対等級(極大) = -20 距離 = 7100光年 = 2.2kpc → 視等級 ~ -9

  6. 朝日新聞 199/6/1

  7. SN1006南東部 プラズマ成分の様子を調べる → 非熱的X線放射がなく、熱的 放射で明るい南西部からスペク トルを抽出 O band image O Ne Mg Si S Ar Ca Fe S以上は初めて検出! Ia型SNRでありながら、これまで Feなどの重元素の存在はX線で は未確認だった 黒: XIS-BI 赤: XIS-FI(3台の平均)

  8. 重元素輝線の中心エネルギー 重い元素ほど低い電離状態! Fe輝線のまわりを電離非平衡 (NEI)プラズマモデルで fitting kTe = 5.84 (2.77-39) [keV] net = 5.6 (2.4-8.8) x 109 [cm-3 s] ・ 高温成分の存在 ・ 極めて低電離(Ne状程度) RCW86に類似 黒: BI 赤: FI

  9. 低エネルギー側のスペクトルの謎 酸素輝線のエネルギー He状 Kα ~ 570eV He状 Kβ ~ 670eV H状 Lyα ~ 650eV 730eV 920eV 575eV 672eV He-Kβdominant!! 820eV 電離度大 高温 730eV lineを入れて酸素 輝線の周辺だけで fitting 極めて低電離な状態なら このスペクトルを説明可能 kTe = 1.5 [keV] nte = 4x109 [cm-3s] best fit

  10. Oxygen ionization fraction vs. electron temp. He-like H-like Fully ionized 1 10 100 103 104 Electron temperature (eV) Oxygen ionization fraction vs. net (for kTe=1.5keV) He-like H-like Fully ionized 106 107 108 109 1010 1011 1012 net (cm-3 s) Thermal X-ray from SNRs Ionization Neutral He-like ion H-like ion Non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) Low density, Yong Age Te ≠ Tz Ionization equilibrium requires ~103 years ! Neutral

  11. C VI N VI Fe L 3s2p 3d2p 730 eV 820eV O VII 1 O VIII Suzaku/XIS1 XMM-Newton MOS1 Intensity (arb.) 0.1 Ne IX O VIII O VII ASCA/SIS 0.6 0.4 0.8 Energy (keV)

  12. 730eV 4:1 820eV 730eV 920eV 575eV 672eV 820eV 3:2 730eV OVII, Kα, Kβ, Kγ, Kδ 820eV Fe-l Line の謎: 3s2p (730), 3d2p (820)

  13. SN1006 なぜか Si, S のラインが太い Cas A(SN1006 よりあとの観測) では見られない  Instrumental ではない。 Si S Cas A

  14. SN1006 2-componets nt ~ 109 ~ 1011 Mg Si S

  15. Chandra image SWrim Chandra image Erim Nrim Erim Nrim SWrim 宇宙線加速効率とプラズマ密 度間の相関を観測的に証明

  16. Chandra: Thin Filaments (Bamba et al.) In this region, electron returns back (small: quick, large: slow) The Efficiency of Particle Acceleration NR: High ER: Low? A ping-pong ball gets speed (energy) by a rallyin a moving wall shock

  17. SWrim 密度大 Erim Nrim hard soft

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