Ch 16, Pt 3: The Church

1. Ch 16, Pt 3: The Church World History

2. Describe the first churches. • Thought Jesus was returning soon • Lived together in small groups • Shared goods • Took turns conducting worship services in homes

3. Who were the apostles and what did they do? • Followers of Jesus who preached the gospel and visited various groups • Taught and gave advice on problems

4. Why did Christians develop church organization? • Realized Jesus was not coming back as soon as they thought • Looked for ways to hold the churches together

5. Where did the early Christians get the idea for the structure of the church? • Structure of the Roman Empire

6. Who is the Pope? • Archbishop of Rome who claimed authority over all other archbishops • Name is Latin for “father”

7. Draw a diagram depicting early church structure.

8. Describe the split between Latin and Greek churches. Why did it happen? When did it happen? What are the names of the two churches? • Latin-speaking Christians thought the Pope was head of all churches • Greek-speaking Christians thought the archbishop of Constantinople was the head of their churches • Split in 1054 AD • Latin churches became the Roman Catholic Church • Greek churches became the Eastern Orthodox Church

9. What kinds of writings make up the New Testament? List some of the authors of books of the New Testament. • Accounts of Jesus’ life and letters to the churches • Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Paul

10. What is doctrine? • Official teachings of the church

11. What is heresy? • False doctrines that the councils did not accept

12. What does “Father of the Church” mean? • Scholars who wrote works that greatly influenced later Christian thinkers

13. What was Jerome’s accomplishment? • Translated the Old and New Testaments into Latin • His work was called the Vulgate • It became the official Latin bible used by the Roman Catholic Church

14. What was Augustine’s accomplishment? • His most famous work was called City of God • Defended Christianity

15. What is a hermit and why would someone want to become one? • Christians who lived apart from others • Spent time in prayer and were protected from the temptation of daily life

16. What did Basil suggest hermits do? • Hermits should form communities near cities • Protect themselves from the evils of the world • Help others by performing good deeds and setting an example of Christian living

17. What is a monk? What is a nun? • Men who followed Basil’s suggestion and lived in monasteries • Women who followed Basil’s suggestion and lived in convents

18. List some of the rules for monks under Benedictine Rule. • Give up all possessions • Wear simple clothes • Only eat certain foods • Could not marry • Obey abbot without question • Attend services 7 times a day and once at midnight • Work 6-7 hours a day in the fields

19. What important role did monks play in the preservation and spread of Christianity? • Took care of old Roman and Greek writings and helped western civilization survive