The Development of the Sonnet

1. The Development of theSonnet Akziya Alzhani Jadyn Scruggs Matt DEDEAUX Nicole BROUGHTON Paula Mckeel Randy Coach Sheila SILVERS Steve wILLIAMS Group 5

2. Definitions of a Sonnet World English Dictionary • A verse form of Italian origin consisting of 14 lines in iambic pentameter with rhymes arranged according to a fixed scheme, usually divided either into octave and sestet or, in the English form, into three quatrains and a couplet. Cultural Dictionary • A lyric poem of fourteen lines, often about love, that follows one of several strict conventional patterns of rhyme. Elizabeth Barrett Browning, John Keats, and William Shakespeare are poets known for their sonnets.

3. Sonnet Sequence A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets thematically unified to create a long work. The subject is usually the speaker's unhappy love for a distant beloved, following the courtly love tradition of the troubadours, from whom the genre ultimately derived.

4. Example of a Shakespearian Sonnet: The Shakespearean Sonnet is also called the English Sonnet. It was Developed in the 16th century by Earl of Surrey. The Shakespearean Sonnet has the rhyme scheme ABAB, CDCD, EFEF, GG. It has three quatrains and a couplet. This means it has four lines in a group and two rhymed lines.

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6. Italian Sonnet Petrarchan sonnet Example: • The Italian sonnet was first created by Giacomo Da Lenti, in the mid thirteenth century. The sonnet was later developed and made famous by fourteenth century poet Francesca Petrarch. • Italian sonnets consist of a group of eight lines called an octave, and a group of six lines called a sextet. The first eight lines usually present an issue which the last six lines resolve. Generally, the ninth line pinpoints the sudden shift or “volta” in the sonnet, which indicates the transition from the dilemma to a solution. The octave has a rhyme scheme of ABBA while the sextet has a rhyme scheme of CDCDCD or CDECDE. Francesco Petrarch

7. Spenserian sonnet Happy ye leaves! whenas those lily handsHappy ye leaves! whenas those lily hands, (a)Which hold my life in their dead doing might, (b)Shall handle you, and hold in love's soft hands, (a)Like captives trembling at the victor's sight. (b)And happy lines on which, with starry light, (b)Those lamping eyes will deign sometimes to look,(c)And read the sorrows of my dying sprite, (b)Written with tears in heart's close bleeding book. (c)And happy rhymes! bathed in the sacred brook (c)Of Helicon, whence she derived is, (d)When ye behold that angel's blessed look, (c)My soul's long lacked food, my heaven's bliss. (d)Leaves, lines, and rhymes seek her to please alone, (e)Whom if ye please, I care for other none. (e) • A variant on the English form is the Spenserian sonnet, named after Edmund Spencer the rhyme scheme is, abab, bcbc, cdcd, ee. In a Spenserian sonnet there does not appear to be a requirement that the initial octave sets A up a problem that the closing sestet "answers", as is the case with a Petrarchan sonnet. Instead, the form is treated as three quatrains connected by the interlocking rhyme scheme and followed by a couplet. The linked rhymes of his quatrains suggest the linked rhymes of such Italian forms as terza rima. This example is taken from Amoretti: Edmund Spenser (c. 1552 – 13 January 1599) was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queene. He is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of Modern English verse in its infancy, and one of the greatest poets in the English language.

8. Works Cited Miller, Nelson. "Basic Sonnet Forms." Sonnet Central. Cayuse Press. Web. 15 Oct. 2010. <http://sonnets.org/basicforms.htm>. Shakespeare, William. Shall I compare thee to a summer day? Patterns in Poetry. 02 Oct 2010. <http://www.cranberrydesigns.com/poetry/sonnet/examples.htm#> Harwood, Gwen. A Game of Chess. Patterns in Poetry. 30 Sept, 2010. <http://www.cranberrydesigns.com/poetry/sonnet/examples.htm#> Web. 17 Oct 2010. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YmXxMMevHU0>. “sonnet." The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005. 17 Oct. 2010. <Dictionary.com <http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sonnet> David & Sandi. "Stately Avenue of Yew Trees." David & Sandi Travelogue. 02 May 2010. Web. 30 Oct. 2010. <http://davidsandinye.travellerspoint.com/90/>. "sonnet." Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition. HarperCollins Publishers. 17 Oct. 2010. <Dictionary.com <http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sonnet>. "Shakespeare's Sonnet Sequence." William Shakespeare's Sonnets. Provider: Fr. Pierre Demer. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. <http://hermes.hrc.ntu.edu.tw/lctd/asp/works/74/study_3_6.htm>.