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Understanding Word Lists

Understanding Word Lists. A Guide to Using a Latin Dictionary. Verbs. When you look up a verb, you will see it’s PRINCIPAL PARTS. There are 4, but for now we will look at the first 3. 1 st = am o I love 2 nd = am a re to love 3 rd = am av i I loved. More examples.

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Understanding Word Lists

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  1. Understanding Word Lists A Guide to Using a Latin Dictionary

  2. Verbs When you look up a verb, you will see it’s PRINCIPAL PARTS. There are 4, but for now we will look at the first 3. 1st = amoI love 2nd = amareto love 3rd = amaviI loved

  3. More examples 1sthabeo = I have 2ndhabēre = to have 3rdhabui = I had 1st ago = I lead, drive, act 2ndagere = to lead, etc. 3rdēgi = I led, etc. 1stdormio = I sleep 2nddormire = to sleep 3rddormivi = I slept

  4. Nouns Just like verbs, nouns have different parts listed in the dictionary. This information tells you everything you need to know to understand to which declension (family) the noun belongs. To understand what I mean, let’s look at a first declension noun.

  5. Puellagirl We know that this noun is first declension simply by its nominative singular ending in -a, but not all nouns are so easy to recognize… Nom puella Gen puellae Datpuellae Acc puellam Ablpuellā Nom puellae Gen puellarum Datpuellīs Acc puellās Ablpuellīs

  6. Sometimes it’s a bit more tricky… Puerboy Fur thief One of these is a second declension noun, and the other is third, but how can you tell? This is why a dictionary gives you more than just the nominative singular form.

  7. Dictionary Listing of nouns Puer, pueri Fur, furis 2nd declension3rd declension When you also know the GENITIVE singular, you can be 100% sure to which family a noun belongs. N puer fur G puerifuris D puerofuri Ac puerumfurem Abpuerofure This is why dictionaries give you BOTH the nominative AND genitive singular of a noun.

  8. Examples Poeta, ae, m. Nominative, genitive, gender of the noun Filius, filiī (or –iī for short) Nom., gen., gender Hospes, hospitis m. Nom., gen., gender So when you see a word like ‘hospite’ you know that it is just the Abl. sing. of hospes, guest. This saves you a ton of time; now you won’t spend minutes looking under ‘hospit’ trying to figure out why it isn’t there.

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