Working with Analogies

1. Working with Analogies

2. Analogies test your ability to: • Recognize the relationship between the words in a word pair • Recognize when two word pairs display equal relationships

3. To complete an analogy you must be able to: • Select the answer containing words related to one another in most nearly the same way

4. Analogies look like this: Up: Down ::Over: Under Analogies sound like this: Up is to Down as Over is to Under

5. Analogy types: • Synonyms/antonyms • Part to Whole or Whole to Part • Function/Use, Worker/Tool, Doer/Action • Category/Type

6. Analogy types: • Degree (size or intensity) • Grammatical Relationship or Spelling • Cause to effect (or effect to cause) • Object to function

7. Synonyms: Infant: Baby::Grown-Up: ______? Infant: Baby::Grown-Up: Adult

8. Antonyms: Big: Small::Full:_______? Big: Small::Full: Empty

9. Part to Whole: Wheel: Car::Branch:_______? Wheel: Car::Branch: Tree

10. Function/Use (Object/ Function): Truck: Transport::Oven:______? Truck: Transport::Oven: bake

11. Category/Type: Apple: Fruit::Carrot:_______? Apple: Fruit::Carrot: Vegetable

12. Degree(size/intensity): Warm: Hot::Cool:______? Warm: Hot::Cool: Frigid

13. Cause-Effect: Sliver: Pain::Heat:__________ Sliver: Pain::Heat: Boil

14. Sequence: • Early: late :: dawn : _________ • Early : late :: dawn : twilight

15. Can you identify the relationship? • PLATOON:SOLDIER • HOT:SCALDING • STARVATION:BINGING • GILLS:BREATHING • PERSUASIVE:CONVINCING • SOCCER:SPORT Synonyms or antonyms Part to whole Category/Type Cause-effect (or effect to cause) Degree (size or intensity) Function/Use (Object/function)

16. Can you identify the relationship? • PLATOON:SOLDIER • HOT:SCALDING • STARVATION:BINGING • GILLS:BREATHING • PERSUASIVE:CONVINCING • SOCCER:SPORT b Synonyms or antonyms Part to whole Category/Type Cause-effect (or effect to cause) Degree (size or intensity) Function/Use (Object/function) e a f a c

17. Helpful Hints: • Determine relationship between the words in the given pair antonyms? synonyms? sequence? degree? cause-effect? function? category?

18. Helpful Hints: 2. Choose the answer that has a similar relationship and can be expressed in a similar manner

19. Example APPLE : FRUIT :: • Salad : Mix • Orange: Banana • Juice : Can • Slice : Core • Butterfly: Insect

20. Example APPLE : FRUIT :: • Salad : Mix • Orange: Banana • Juice : Can • Slice : Core • Butterfly: Insect

21. Example PEN : WRITE :: • Pencil : Sharpen • Ink : Blue • Letter : Compose • Knife : Cut • Mistake : Erase

22. Example PEN : WRITE :: • Pencil : Sharpen • Ink : Blue • Letter : Compose • Knife : Cut • Mistake : Erase

23. Helpful Hints Part II: • Pay attention to • the order of the words in the pair • the parts of speech • Remember – • single word can have different meanings • read all possible answers beforedeciding on the best answer

24. Practice Large : Big:: A. Remember : Forget B. Triumph: Success C. Nostril : Smell D. Audio : Hear E. Glasses : See

25. Practice Large : Big:: A. Remember : Forget B. Triumph: Success C. Nostril : Smell D. Audio : Hear E. Glasses : See

26. Practice Bat : Hitter A. Score: Win B. Walk : Run C. Mars : Venus D. Stick : Hockey Player E. Basketball: Hoop

27. Practice Bat : Hitter A. Score: Win B. Walk : Run C. Mars : Venus D. Stick : Hockey Player E. Basketball: Hoop

28. Practice Come : Came:: A. Walk : Walking B. Ride : Rode C. Left : Arrived D. Did : Had Done E. See : Seen

29. Practice Come : Came:: A. Walk : Walking B. Ride : Rode C. Left : Arrived D. Did : Had Done E. See : Seen

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