PathoCam: Point-of-Care Medicine with an Android Camera Phone WAN QI CHOO and JUSTIN SOHN

1. PathoCam: Point-of-Care Medicine with an Android Camera Phone WAN QI CHOO and JUSTIN SOHN School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Advisors: JAN P. ALLEBACH, EDWARD J. DELP, RON REIFENBERGER A VIP Project – Spring Semester 2013 • A GLOBAL NEED – PERSONALIZED MEDICAL CARE • Medical diagnostics comprise <5% of total hospital costs, yet they influence 60-70% of healthcare decisions. CAMERA PHONES - A WAY FORWARD? The impressive penetration of mobile cellular phones worldwide is driving rapid advances in telemedicine. Estimated 4.6 billion cell phones have been sold worldwide. QUESTION: Could camera phones be used to meet the increasing demand for inexpensive point-of-care medical tests that are easily administered by an untrained patient? GOAL: Develop a point-of-care medical test that relies on a dedicated ‘cell phone app’. IMPACT: Health care world-wide could be revolutionized. • In developing nations, expenditure on medical diagnostics is minimal. There is little interest in financing diagnostic development due to perceived lack of return on investment. • Highly sensitive tests are expensive and therefore inaccessible at remote point-of-care locations. • An innovative, disruptive, and inexpensive paradigm shift in diagnostic technology is required. PROJECT BACKGROUND – PATHOGEN IDENTIFICATION BY PATTERN RECOGNITION At Purdue an interdisciplinary team (Phil Low and Alex Wei, Chemistry; Yeong Kim and Ron Reifenberger, Physics) has developed a novel approach to point-of-care bacterial identification. Chips patterned with immutable ligands capture targeted bacteria into pre-determined patterns that can be identified remotely using pattern recognition algorithms. The technique is fault-tolerant, robust and simple, requiring only the analysis of camera phone images of the chip after exposure. The five-step approach is summarized below: Selecting a Cellular Phone • Characteristics: • Easy to program • Widely Available • Useful Features • Future Updates http://www.statisticbrain.com/android-phone-statistics/ PATHOCAM 'APP ' Most Popular Mobile Phone Brand by Gartner Inc. 1. Distribute patterned chip • Application Features: • Easy to use • Ability to capture an image • Ability to send image to remote location • Receive results 2. Expose to test fluid (15 mins.) 4. Cell Phone Imaging 5. Central location for pattern analysis. Results returned directly to point of origin. 3. Captured bacteria forms pattern SAMSUNG Android Selected http://www.moneyweb.co.za/moneyweb-technology-news/most-popular-cellphone-brands-in-the-world . Current Development Application Development Looking To The Future Two-Way Communication The next goal is to create a server that will automatically identify the illness and report it to the user. • Environment: • Android development tool: • Eclipse • Programming language: • JAVA • Android compatibility: • 2.2 – 4.2 GPS Coordination To map the disease so that the user can see the distribution of the infection Use Unique Filename: IMEI_DateTime .jpg Image Saved in PathoCam Folder Input User Email Address Confirm Image Receive Feedback Capture Chip Image Home Screen Special thanks to Shao-Fu Xue and Albert Parra-Pozo for all their help