The HISTORY of IRKUTSK

1. The HISTORY ofIRKUTSK Презентация по теме элективного курса «Мой родной город» 9класс Выполнено: Елшина Л.А.

2. Match the words to their meaning. researcher scientist to destroy to ruin rapid prison exile quick borderland to decide to determine frontier

3. What words do you need to speak about history? severe unique exile destroy regional connect arrival merchant master infuse exert

4. In 1661 a wooden “ostrog” –was built at the mouth of the Irkut by order of the Yenisei lands Ivan Ivanovich Rzhevsky. The “ostrog” was named Irkutsky. History of IRKUTSK

5. The HISTORY ofIRKUTSK The area of the first town of Irkutsk covered only 303 square metres and the population of the first ostrog consisted of 20 Cossaks.It was situated on the cross roads of the trading routes leading to Mongolia and China. Due to the geographical position Irkutsk grew very quickly. The city was founded on the confluence of the 2 rovers: the Angara and the Irkut. And the settlement was named after the river Irkut which mean speedy, fast flowing.

6. Irkutsk’s coat of arms In 1725 Irkutsk became the capital of Eastern Siberia. It was a big trading centre and in 1686 it was given the status of the City. In 1690 Irkutsk was given the coat of arms which depicts two animals: one of them is an animal relative to a tiger and it’s called “babr”, another one is a sable. These animals are symbolic for the power and wealth of Siberia.

7. The Map of Irkutsk’s lands

8. Development of IRKUTSK For 300 years the development of the town was closely connected with mastering the severe lands of Siberia. Numerous villages and settlements on the banks of the Angara, the Irkut, the Ushakovka, Lake Baikal and along the highways and smaller roads largely determined the building of the city. Irkutsk was built in the middle of the great historic route across Asia from the Urals to the Pacific Ocean. Tradepeople, peasant and soldiers passed through the town. Its geographic position was very convenient for diplomatic links between East and West as well as for the administration of Siberia.

9. Development of IRKUTSK In the second half of the 17-th century the small settlement on the bank of the Angara developed into a large regional trade centre, and into one of the early centres of Russian culture on the East. The first school of Mongolian, Russian and Slavonic languages, and later of Japanese, was founded there in 1725 at Vosnesensky Monastery. A quarter of a century later, a navigation school was founded.

10. Development of IRKUTSK In the 1760s, an overland passage, the Moscow High Road, was built to Irkutsk. By the edict of 1764, Irkutsk became the capital of a vast province stretching from the Yenisei to Alaska. It played an important role in the exploration of the Northeastern coast and islands of the Pacific Ocean. The life of well-known navigator Grigoriy Ivanovich Shelikhov was connected to Irkutsk. Shelikhov and other Irkutsk merchants founded the Russian-American Company, which “controlled a vast territory on the American continent and the archipelages lying to the west of it as far as Japan, including the north-western coast of America and California, as far as the lands of independent Indians and Eskimos to the north-east and as far as the Sandwich Islands to the south”. There, goods for the Russian domains in Alaska and on the Pacific Islands were purchased. This territory, called “Russian America”, was part of the vast provinces of Irkutsk.

11. Development of IRKUTSK For three centuries Irkutsk was mostly a wooden town. This Siberian town was destroyed by fire more than once. The first of 1775 and 1879 were the most devastating. The latter destroyed 75 residential blocks, all commercial and municipal buildings, the library, the archive and unique collection of the museum of the Eastern Siberia Society. In the 18-th century, the construction of buildings in stone was begun. Building in stone achiavad a high point in Irkutsk in the 1870s.

12. Development of IRKUTSK The waves of revolutionary events in central Russia, Poland, Byelorussia reached Siberia with the arrival of political exiles. At various times Irkutsk was the place of exile of Ibragim Cannibal, great-grandfather of the famous poet A.S.Pushkin, the writer A.N. Radishchev, the DecembrisrsS.P.Trubetskoy and S.G. Volkonsky, members of the Petrashevsky Society, Polish rebel. These events had a positive influence on Irkutsk and on its growth of social consciousness among Siberians.

13. Development of IRKUTSK The construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway at the end of the 19-th century speeded up the development of Irkutsk’s contacts with European Russia and infused life into all spheres of the town’s life.

14. Put these events in the right order and say what events influenced the development of Irkutsk? 1. The construction of Railroad speeded up the development of its contacts with European Russia. 2. In the 1769’s an overland passage, the Moscow High Road was built to Irkutsk. 3. The wooden ostrog was built at the mouth of the Irkut in 1661. 4. Irkutsk became the capital of a vast province stretching from the Yenisei to Alaska in 1764. 5. The fires of 1775 and 1879 were the most divesting. 6. The first school of Mongolia, Russian and old Slavonic languages were founded in 1725.