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John Adams 1787-1801

#2. John Adams 1787-1801. Amy Busch Period 3. Biography. Born October 30, 1735 in Massachusetts Skipped school frequently Harvar d Law practice. Biography, cont. Married to Abigail Smith 5 children John Quincy Adams

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John Adams 1787-1801

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  1. #2 John Adams1787-1801 Amy Busch Period 3

  2. Biography • Born October 30, 1735 in Massachusetts • Skipped school frequently • Harvard • Law practice

  3. Biography, cont. • Married to Abigail Smith • 5 children • John Quincy Adams • Defended British soldiers charged in the Boston Massacre

  4. Biography, cont. • 1774: First Continental Congress • 1778: French aid • Helped draft the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780 • More time in Europe • Returned to run for VP in 1789; again in 1792

  5. Elections • Many things were different about elections back in the 1700’s: • Federalists v. Democratic-Republicans • Individual candidates • 7 states= popular voting • 9 states=state legislatures elected members of electoral college

  6. Elections 1789 http://www.270towin.com/1789_Election/

  7. Elections 1796 http://www.270towin.com/1796_Election/

  8. Elections 1800 http://www.270towin.com/1800_Election/

  9. “Revolution of 1800” • Country torn between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson • Federalist party split over Adams’ foreign policy • Propaganda smears

  10. Global Issues • Most global issues during John Adams’ presidency were a result of the French Revolution • Adams noticed France’s instability during his time in Europe, and quickly realized its potential for terror and anarchy

  11. XYZ Affair • Great Britain was against France’s revolution • US was neutral during George Washington’s presidency • Great Britain threatened to stop trading with The United States in 1793 • They captured American ships suspected of carrying supplies to France • Jay’s Treaty, 1794

  12. XYZ Affair, cont. • France suspected alliance between The United States and Great Britain • Began seizing American ships • Led to Quasi-War crisis • Adams asked Congress for increased funds for defensive measures. The following resulted: • Passed Alien and Sedition Acts • Created Navy Department • Organized Marine Corps • Cancelled treaties of alliance with France

  13. Treaty of Mortefontaine • Released the United States from the Revolutionary War alliance with France Adams said that the peace between America and France was the “great jewel in his crown” after 25 years of serving the United States

  14. Domestic Issues • Adams preferred to leave domestic problems to Congress while he dealt with France • The Laws he enacted that were due to the conflict with France became issues in the US

  15. Alien and Sedition Acts • Naturalization Act • Alien Act • Alien Enemies Act • Sedition Act • These acts resulted in the fleeing of hundreds of alien immigrants from America between 1798 and 1799

  16. Alien and Sedition Acts, cont. • Secretly, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison drafted resolutions for the new laws The Alien and Sedition Acts were pronounced null and void

  17. Presidential Administration • Vice President: Thomas Jefferson • First Lady: Abigail Smith Adams • Secretary of State: Timothy Pickering (1797-1800) John Marshall (1800-1801) • Secretary of the Treasury: Oliver Wolcott, Jr. • Secretary of War: James McHenry • Attorney General: Charles Lee • Secretary of the Navy: Benjamin Stoddert

  18. Secretary of State: John Marshall • John Marshall died on July 6, 1835. Two days after he died, the Liberty Bell was rung to mourn his dead. This is when the bell cracked, and it has never rung again.

  19. Secretary of War: James McHenry • Fort McHenry in Baltimore was named after him

  20. Secretary of the Navy: Benjamin Stoddert • Before John Adams was president, the position of Secretary of the Navy did not exist.

  21. Treaties & Accomplishments The Treaty of Mortefontaine was the main treaty during John Adams’ presidency, and was his biggest accomplishment

  22. Bibliography

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