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The Nervous System By: Alan Bui, Andrew Chen, and Terrance Ku

The Nervous System By: Alan Bui, Andrew Chen, and Terrance Ku. Neuron Structure. Most organelles are found in the cell body Axons are covered in myelin sheaths Axons branches end in a synaptic terminal. FUN FACT!.

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The Nervous System By: Alan Bui, Andrew Chen, and Terrance Ku

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  1. The Nervous SystemBy: Alan Bui, Andrew Chen, and Terrance Ku

  2. Neuron Structure • Most organelles are found in the cell body • Axons are covered in myelin sheaths • Axons branches end in a synaptic terminal

  3. FUN FACT!

  4. If you were to line up all of the neurons in the body of one person, that line's length would be about 965 kilometers long!

  5. Glia • Important for structural integrity of nervous system • More glia than neurons • Many different types

  6. FUN FACT!

  7. When a child is developing in the mother's womb, the child's neuron population grows at a rate of 250,000 neurons per minute!

  8. Depolarization and Repolarization • Suggested in 1900 • Electrons contribute very little to the charge of a membrane • Nerves conducting an impulse cannot be activated until the original polarity of the membrane is restored

  9. Graded and Action Potentials

  10. Nerve Impulses • Nerve cells respond to changes in pH • Small spaces between neurons and effectors are called synapses • Two kinds of synapses: • Electrical • Chemical

  11. Direct and Indirect Synaptic Transmission • Direct Synaptic Transmission: • Neurotransmitters cross synapse directly • Indirect Synaptic Transmission: • Signal transduction pathway

  12. Summation of Postsynaptic Potentials

  13. Neurotransmitters • Acetylcholine • Biogenic Amines • Amino Acids and Peptides • Gases

  14. FUN FACT!

  15. Only 4% of brain cells are used at once and the rest are kept in reserve!

  16. Parts of the Brain

  17. FUN FACT!

  18. When we fall in our dreams, it is an example of our minds trying to recreate the sensations we attribute to our dreams to make them more plausible.

  19. Parts of the Brain

  20. FUN FACT!

  21. The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body, while the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body!

  22. Limbic System

  23. Types of Nervous Systems • Central Nervous System • Peripheral Nervous System • Somatic Nervous System • Autonomic Nervous System

  24. Sympathetic System • Responsible for fight or flight response in the body • Very fast communication • Sympathetic Receptors: • Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta 1, Beta 2

  25. FUN FACT!

  26. When people are scared and they excrete wastes in their pants, it is due to their sympathetic nervous system relaxing the bladder and contracting the rectum!

  27. Parasympathetic System • Responsible for keeping the body in its rest state • Located in the vagus nerve • Stimulated by parasympathomimetics and inhibited by parasympatholytics

  28. Nervous System Diseases • Schizophrenia • Depression • Parkinson’s Disease

  29. ACTIVITY TIME!!! • 3 scenarios will be given • Role play what would happen between two neurons at the cellular level • Work together to complete the required task at hand • HAVE FUN! • Acetylcholine (1 person) • Receptor (1 person) • Ion Gates (2 people) • Cholinesterase (1 person) • Membrane (4 people)

  30. SCENARIO 1 Simple Muscle Contraction

  31. Scenario 2 Simple Muscle Relaxation

  32. Scenario 3 INSECTICIDE SPRAY

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