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Prototyping and Designing New Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities

Prototyping and Designing New Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities. Shaun Kane Human-Centered Computing @ UMBC http:// umbc.edu /people/skane @ shaunkane. Today. An overview of accessible prototyping and design at UMBC Two projects

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Prototyping and Designing New Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities

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  1. Prototyping and Designing New Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities Shaun Kane Human-Centered Computing @ UMBC http://umbc.edu/people/skane @shaunkane

  2. Today • An overview of accessible prototyping and design at UMBC • Two projects • Accessible touch screens for blind people • Smarter communication tools for people with aphasia

  3. Prototyping and Design at UMBC

  4. What we’ve made Touch screens for blind people Communication technologies Tactile graphics Braille entry for smartphones

  5. Our research partners National Federation of the Blind Snyder Center for Aphasia Life Enhancement Maryland State Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped Charlestown Senior Living

  6. Design approach • Participatory design: work for extended periods with population who will benefit from technology • Ability-based design: Measure users abilities to interact with technology; develop new ways of interacting with technology that leverages these abilities

  7. Two projects Access Overlays: Accessible touch screens for blind people TalkAbout: Communication tools for people with aphasia

  8. Two projects Access Overlays: Accessible touch screens for blind people TalkAbout: Communication tools for people with aphasia

  9. Challenge: How to make a touch screen accessible to a blind person?

  10. Inaccessible touch screens “Yeah. I was at the social security office enquiring about getting a new Social Security card. You have to get a number at the office, and the security guard was on a smoke break, and it was a touch screen, and I couldn't use it and it was a big hassle. Some sighted guy came in and helped me but it drew way too much attention to me. I think it's kind of weird that an agency that's supposed to assist the disabled doesn't have accessibility things, that's kind of stupid.”

  11. “Flat screens without a grid—a real tangible grid—are difficult for blind people … I think that flat screens are not really accessible.” (Kane et al., 2008)

  12. But – touch is often how blind people interact with books, maps, and their physical environment.

  13. Exploring touch screens • Important applications: maps, diagrams, documents, games • Location and spatial layout important • How to find objects on screen? • How to understand spatial relations?

  14. Formative research • Interviewed 8 blind office workers (4m,4f) • Discussed organization and search strategies • Where they put things; how they found them

  15. How to do it • Appropriate output • Speech and audio • Appropriate input • How do users touch the device? • Screen layout • Usable, reliable gestures

  16. Examples • Mobile phone: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=496IAx6_xys • Large touch screen: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acTwWRcUlSk

  17. Two projects Access Overlays: Accessible touch screens for blind people TalkAbout: Communication tools for people with aphasia

  18. Aphasia center • Serves ~40 adults with reading, comprehension, and speech difficulties caused by stroke • Many use tablet communication software (but don’t like it)

  19. TalkAbout(Kane et al., 2012) • We created a location-aware communication tool for people with aphasia • Make it smarter: use context to determine what the user might want to say (e.g., talk about medicine when the user I at the doctor’s office)

  20. Designing TalkAbout • How to design with people who have difficulty communicating? • Multiple approaches • Created a “design team” of diverse users • Worked closely with staff and instructors • Used multiple forms of prototyping (diagrams, acting, interactive prototypes), and collecting feedback (paper forms, conversation) Our design team preferred our new prototype to their existing tools.

  21. Takeaways • We can redesign existing devices to make them more accessible • Software easier to fix than hardware • … by involving future users in design • Adaptations become device features • Sometimes even our design methods must be flexible

  22. Thanks! Shaun Kaneskane@umbc.eduhttp://umbc.edu/people/skanehttp://twitter.com/shaunkane http://umbcpad.com UMBC Prototyping and Design Lab

  23. Who benefits? • About 25 million people in the US have some visual impairment (National Health Interview Survey 2008) • As many as 25% of computer users may benefit from visual accessibility tools (Microsoft 2004)

  24. Barriers to everyday activities “Can I ski 60 miles an hour downhill? Yes. Use a flat panel microwave? No.” –Mike May, Sendero Group (2009)

  25. Principles of Ability-Based Design(Wobbrock, Kane et al., 2010)

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