When Enough is Enough: Finding Happiness in Simplicity

1. 2 Section B 6 Less is more UNIT When enough is enough Objectives To master the reading skill To understand the text To practice the phrases and patterns To learn about report writing

2. 6 When enough is enough UNIT Contents Warming-up Reading Skills Text Study Comparative Study Unit Project

3. 6 When enough is enough UNIT Warming-up Lead-in Background Information

4. Lead-in Discuss and answer the following questions • 1. Have you ever been troubled with making important choices in your life? Tips • 2. How do people feel about modern life full of options and materials? Tips

5. Lead-in Discuss and answer the following questions • 1. Have you ever been troubled with making choices in your life? Tips In our life today, choices have increased considerably. At the beginning of 20th century a commonplace store had only a few dozen categories with one or two options for each category, whereas modern supermarkets have up to 50,000 to 60,000 items in thousands of categories. But too many options won’t necessarily make people happy and satisfied. Ironically, people usually feel the opposite, less happier than when they had only limited choices.

6. Lead-in Discuss and answer the following questions • 2. How do people feel about modern life full of options and materials? Tips In modern times, people can easily get access and enjoy the luxury of abundant materials, which was impossible back in the early 20th century. But people may take things for granted and become spoiled in the sea of materials. People are overburdened, feel it’s too much to deal with so many choices, and consequently feel their life is empty. Life with little or no choice is unbearable, and suitable options do increase our quality of life. But that does not mean the more the better.

7. 1. What do you know about Gap ？ Tips 2. How much do you know about Lao-tze? Tips

8. 1. What do you know about Gap? Tips It is an American multinational clothing and accessories retailer based in San Francisco, California, and founded in 1969. The company has five primary brands: Gap, Banana Republic, Old Navy, Piperlime and Athleta. It remains the largest specialty retailer in the United States. The Gap store has also found its place in big cities in China.

9. 2. How much do you know about Lao-tze? Tips Lao-tzu was a philosopher of ancient China and the father of Taoism. He was best-known as the author of Dao De Jing (道德经). Most of his enlightening views are based on his philosophy of naturalness and non-action.

10. 2 When enough is enough UNIT Reading Skills Presentation of the Skill Reading Skill Practice

11. Reading between the lines Reading between the lines usually requires close, careful reading of the entire text, rather like detective work! But by using contextual clues, common sense, and our background knowledge, by connecting ideas and drawing conclusions, by forming and testing ideas about what the author is trying to say, we can usually “fill in the blanks” and discover the author’s real meaning.

12. Reading between the lines Reading between the lines means making inferences about the author’s ideas from what is written and from what is not written. Writers don’t always express all their thoughts directly, but they give you hints or clues that help you “read between the lines”. Using these clues to give you a deeper understanding of your reading is called “inferring”.

13. Reading between the lines Tips of reading between the lines 1. You have to make use of contextual clues, common sense, and your background knowledge. 2. Connect ideas and draw conclusions from the reading passage. 3. Form and test what you have understood between the lines.

14. Reading between the lines Example 1: The next time you’re deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other one which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do? (Para. 1, Text A)

15. Reading between the lines Question : What inference can you make from the question “What would Xiang Yu do?” Possible answer: In the author’s opinion, Xiang Yu was very intelligent in making difficult choices.

16. Reading between the lines Example 2: General Xiang Yu was a rare exception to the norm, a veteran leader who was highly respected for his so many conquests and who achieved the summit of success. (Para. 3, Text A)

17. Reading between the lines Question : What inferences can be made from the statement? Possible answer: It was exactly due to using these seemingly abnormal battle strategies that Xiang Yu successfully defeated his enemy and won his soldiers’ high respect.

18. Reading between the lines Read Text B and use its contextual clues, your common sense, and your background knowledge to answer the questions between the paragraphs. Then compare your answers with a classmate’s to see if you understand the author’s meaning the same way.

19. 6 When enough is enough UNIT Text Study Text Comprehension Language Focus Critical Thinking

20. 1.Why did the author respond to the salesperson in haste? • 2.What can you infer from these paragraphs about buying jeans?(paras.I -4)) • 3.How did the author probably feel about this purchasing experience? • 4.What does the paragraph intend to tell us?(para.6) • 5.What message does the author want to send out? • 6.What is indirectly said in these three paragraphs?(paras.11 -13) • 7.What is the author’s point of view implied in these paragraphs? • 8.What inference can you draw from these two paragraphs?(paras.14 -15) • 9. What does the author suggest?

21. 1.Why did the author respond to the salesperson in haste? (Para.1) Tips Because she thought she could get the jeans she wanted right away. Note Perhaps she took it for granted that it was not difficult for her to make a choice quickly and get what she wanted.

22. 原句：“Do you want slim fit, easy fit, relaxed fit, baggy, or extra baggy?” she ventured. “Do you want stone-washed, acid-washed, button-fly or regular-fly, faded or regular?” （Para.2, L1-2） 解释: Since the salesperson didn’t get specific information about the jeans I would like to buy, she carefully inquired about the style, material, design and color I preferred. 译文: “您想要紧身的，合身的，休闲的，宽松的，还是特大宽松的？”她试探地问道。“您想要石磨的还是漂染的？钮扣门襟还是拉链门襟？褪色的还是普通的？”

23. 2.What can you infer from these paragraphs about buying jeans?(Paras.2-4) Tips The store has a full supply of jeans that are in variety. Since there were too many choices of jeans, the author simply didn’t know what particular one to choose.

24. 原句： The jeans I chose were fine, but this simple transaction provoked a strong reaction in me. （Para.5, L1-2） 解释： Though the jeans I selected were good for me, the simple act of buying the jeans made me feel very frustrated. 译文： 我选择的牛仔裤还不错，但这桩简单的买卖却引起了我强烈的反应。

25. 3.How did the author probably feel about this purchasing experience?(Para. 5) Tips She was unhappy about too many choices and became impatient in this simple transaction. She probably even considered it nothing but torture.

26. 4.What does paragraph 6 intend to tell us?(Para.6) Tips Modern life provides people with more options than they used to have, and material choices are incredibly abundant, but do people feel happier?

27. 原句：It’s true that enforced restrictions with very limited or no choices make life unbearable, and having options does increase our sense of liberation and control. (Para.7, L1-2) 解释: Life with little or no choice is unbearable, and suitable options do increase our quality of life. 译文： 确实，在强行限制的生活中，非常有限的选择或毫无选择让人难以忍受，而有选择无疑可增加我们的自由感和控制感。

28. 5. What message does the author want to send out? (Para.7) Tips People in modern times are not really happy even when they are surrounded with abundant material goods and so many options.

29. 削弱我们的健康和快乐 原句： Surprisingly, the opposite is true. Scientists verify that an overabundance of choice tends to bring a subtraction in well-being and happiness.(Para.8, L2-4) 解释: The fact is contrary to our common sense. Scientists prove that too many choices are likely to bring us a deduction in health and happiness.

30. 6. What is indirectly said in these three paragraphs (Paras.8-10) r Tips Too many options and considerable material possessions won’t necessarily bring people happiness and satisfaction.

31. 原句： We transfer our high expectations to our property, our residences, and our families – expecting them to be outstanding and beautiful. (Para.11, L4-6) 解释: Our high expectations are shown by our desire for more possessions, beautiful houses, and excellence of our family members, expecting them to be exceptionally smart.

32. 7. What is the author’s point of view implied in these paragraphs?(Paras.11-13) r Tips Human beings are greedy by nature, and the tendency of thinking “the more the better” could make them more selfish and discontented with what they already have..

33. 原句： The success of 21st-century life turns out to be a bitter-sweet controversy and paradox. (Para.11, L4-6) 解释: The success of 21st-century life has unexpectedly resulted in a contradiction that is both sad and happy. 译文： 二十一世纪生活的成功变成了一个苦乐参半的争议和悖论。

34. 8. What is inferences can you draw from these two paragraphs?(Paras.14-15) Tips With so much affluence in the 21st century, people become more materialistic and there is no end to their expectations. Therefore, to be happier, they should refrain from increasing their appetite for more and more material things and understand enough is enough.

35. 9. What does the author suggest ?(Para.17) Tips • Use your college years to stir your heart … • Withstand the pressure…. • Specify what truly matter to you… • Learn when enough is enough…

36. Not long ago, I ___________ a Gap store to buy a pair of jeans. But I tried on pair after pair of jeans for almost two hours because it was hard to make a decision due to too many _________. The purchasing experience raised my concern that it should not be so tiring and ____________. In fact, as options increase ____________, people feel their life is empty and meaningless. The rushed into options troublesome out of control To be continued

37. ______________ of choice and greed on material possessions lead to the _________ of happiness . People become greedier than before and many ____________ are dissatisfied and depressed with their lives, for they care too much about their lives and what they have. The success of 21st century life ________ to be a paradox since people have more than enough but feel unfulfilled. As a result, people should realize that he who knows enough is enough will always have enough. overabundance declining maximizers turn out

39. 失去控制 out of control 短语逆译 短语应用 我一直在与那些债务失控的客户打交道。 意群提示 (deal with / get out of control) I am dealing with customers who have let their debts get out of control all the time.

40. 一无所知 not have the remotest idea 短语逆译 短语应用 请你解释一下你刚才说的。我一点也不明白你的意思。 意群提示 (have the idea of / what you mean) Please explain what you said just now, for I don’t have the remotest idea of what you mean.

41. 对某事或某人不满 be dissatisfied with 短语逆译 短语应用 那些总是对自己拥有的不知满足的人不大可能享受生活的真正幸福。 意群提示 ( be less likely to / genuine happiness ) Those who are always dissatisfied with what they have are less likely to enjoy the genuine happiness of life.

42. 对…感到沮丧 短语逆译 be depressed about 短语应用 这位年轻人对自己的学业感到沮丧，因为在课堂上他不能够像其他人那样提出机智和尖锐的问题。 意群提示 (intelligent and penetrating questions) The young man was depressed about his learning because he was not able to ask intelligent and penetrating questions in class as others did.

43. 努力做某事 短语逆译 struggle to do 短语应用 生活有时是有喜有乐，但只要你已经努力去获取你想要的，无论结果如何，你就不会感到不满足。 意群提示 (bitter-sweet / feel unfulfilled ) Sometimes life is bitter-sweet, but as long as you have struggled to achieve what you want, you won’t feel unfulfilled regardless of the result.

44. turn out to be 结果是；最终成为 短语逆译 短语应用 在我们的自行车之旅中，没有下雨，对我们来说真是出乎意料的好运。 意群提示 (bicycle tour / a stroke of luck ) During our bicycle tour, it didn’t rain, which turned out to be a stroke of luck for us.

45. settle for 勉强接受；将就 短语逆译 短语应用 尽管新移民不愿意接受苛刻和不公平的规则，但还是勉强接受了条件。 意群提示 ( be reluctant to / harsh and unjust ) The new immigrants had to settle for the conditions though they were reluctant to accept the harsh and unjust regulations.

47. 原句译文 令人惊讶的是，正好相反。科学家验证，过多的选择往往会削弱我们的健康和快乐。 逆译练习 Surprisingly, the opposite is true. Scientists verify that an overabundance of choice tends to bring a subtraction in well-being and happiness. .（Para.8, L2-4） 句型提炼

48. 句型提炼 1.Surprisingly, the opposite is true. Sb. verify that… 应用提示 用于表达“令人惊讶的相反事实”。 句型应用

49. 典型例句 令人惊讶的是，正好相反。社会学家所做的调查证明，父母给孩子过多的物质满足反到使他们不知足。 意群提示 (overabundance of materials / turn out to ) Surprisingly, the opposite is true. Investigations conducted by the sociologists verify that the overabundance of materials provided by parents to their children turns out to make the children dissatisfied.

50. 原句译文 研究表明，与那些愿意接受少一点的人相比，最大化追求者对他们的生活较少 乐观，也有更多的不满和更多的压抑。 逆译练习 Studies show that maximizers are less optimistic, more dissatisfied with, and more depressed about their lives than others who are willing to settle for slightly less. （Para.12, L4-6） 句型提炼