Title: Developments in Environmental Standards in Australia Presenter’s Name: Allan Jonas

1. 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group Tokyo, Japan October 10-14 2010 Title: Developments in Environmental Standards in Australia Presenter’s Name: Allan Jonas Economy: Australia

2. JAPAN 2010 Environmental Standards Initiatives 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • Mandating CO2 emissions • Introducing Euro 5/6 emission standards for light vehicles • Enabling fuel consumption labelling for electric vehicles

3. JAPAN 2010 Mandating CO2 emissions 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • The Federal Government made an election commitment to mandate CO2 emission standards for all new light vehicles including cars from 2015 • The 2008 national average was 220 g/km • Analysis has shown net benefits under all reasonable scenarios • The target levels will be determined by a process of consultation with key stakeholders

4. JAPAN 2010 Euro 5/6 emission standards 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • The current emission standard ADR 79/02 for light vehicles is at Euro 4 • ADR 79/02 was phased in between 2006 and 2010 • A draft consultation RIS to consider the case for EURO 5/6 was released on 8 January 2010 • The draft RIS concludes that there are net benefits from adopting Euro 5/6 standards

5. JAPAN 2010 Euro 5/6 emission standards 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • The public comment process indicated broad support • Vehicle Industry raised concerns over a number of issues particularly implementation timing • The RIS is currently being finalised and is expected to be submitted to the minister shortly

6. JAPAN 2010 Standards for Electric Vehicles 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • EVs are expected to comply with passenger car ADRs • Crash performance, lighting, braking... • Transport Ministers not willing to compromise safety standards for lightweight EVs • Appropriate for EVs to also be covered by labelling standards

7. JAPAN 2010 Fuel Consumption Labelling for Electric Vehicles 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • ADR81/02 specifies requirements for fuel consumption labelling • ECE Reg 101 adopted in ADR81/02 covers all light vehicles, including EVs and plug-in hybrids, but • ADR was silent on labelling requirements for EVs and plug-ins

8. JAPAN 2010 Fuel Consumption Labelling for Electric Vehicles 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • ADR81/02 test procedure necessitates a modified label format for EVs and plug-ins • Primary results from testing pure EVs are range (km) and energy consumption (Wh/km) • Test for plug-in hybrids also records CO2 emissions and fuel consumption • Existing label format was not adequate for these vehicles

9. JAPAN 2010 Labelling for Electric Vehicles 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • In 2009-10, consulted on suitable format for EV label under ADR81/02 • Most contentious issue around recharging emissions • Minister signed off on new label format at the end of September 2010

10. JAPAN 2010 Features of New Label for EVs & Plug-in Hybrids 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • Recast as an “Energy Consumption” label • Utilises a single format for all vehicles with external charge capacity • Pure EVs will display “0” for CO2 emissions but alert consumers to the potential for CO2 emissions from recharging, without attempting to quantify those emissions on the label • instead refer consumers to the Green Vehicle Guide for more information

11. JAPAN 2010 New EV Label Format under ADR81/02 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010

12. JAPAN 2010 Sample “Pure” EV Label under ADR81/02 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010

13. JAPAN 2010 Sample Plug-in EV Label under ADR81/02 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010

14. JAPAN 2010 Proposed GVG Additions for EVs 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010 • The Government’s major consumer information resource on the environmental performance of vehicles is the Green Vehicle Guide (GVG) website • Following the Minister’s decision on the new EV label under ADR 81/02, the GVG will be amended to: • Provide the energy consumption, range, CO2 and fuel consumption values from ADR81/02 (matching the label data) • Rate pure EVs as “zero emissions” vehicles for both Greenhouse and Air Pollution Ratings (i.e. score 10/10 on both ratings) • Rate plug-in hybrids on basis of CO2 value from ADR81/02 for Greenhouse Rating, and on basis of standard to which vehicle is certified (ADR79/xx) for Air Pollution Rating • Provide consumers with additional information and calculation tools regarding recharging emissions and well to wheel emissions • GVG amendments expected to be in place before end of 2010

15. JAPAN 2010 Possible GVG Results Page for Pure EVs & Plug-in Hybrids (cf. Hybrid & Conventional) 33rd APEC Transportation Working Group, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-14 2010