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Alkanes and Aromatics

By: Adeel , Sankeeth , and Sen. Alkanes and Aromatics. Types of Reactions. Alkanes. Aromatics. Substitution Reaction Halogenation (Halogen) Nitration (HNO 3) Alkylation (Alkyl Halides). Substitution Reactions UV or heat as catalyst Product formed is always halogenated alkane

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Alkanes and Aromatics

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  1. By: Adeel, Sankeeth, and Sen Alkanes and Aromatics

  2. Types of Reactions Alkanes Aromatics Substitution Reaction Halogenation (Halogen) Nitration (HNO3) Alkylation (Alkyl Halides) • Substitution Reactions • UV or heat as catalyst • Product formed is always halogenated alkane • Combustion Reaction

  3. Alkane Reactions Combustion Reaction: Substitution Reaction:

  4. Aromatic Reactions Nitration: Alkylation: Halogenation:

  5. Practical and Industrial Uses Alkanes Aromatics Earlier Uses: After shave lotion Industrial solvent for degreasing metals Current Uses: Intermediate to make other chemicals (eg. Ethylbenzene, cyclohexane) Small amounts used to make rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and explosives. • Used as fuels • 1-4C: heating and cooking purposes • 5-8C: serve as fuels for internal combustion engines • 9-16C: diesel and aviation fuel • 16+C: lubricating oil and fuel oil

  6. Environmental Impact AROMATICS • Air Pollution • Water,Marine Life • Plants, Roots, Crops • Photochemical Smog ALKANES • Air Pollution • Greenhouse Gas Effect • Acidic Rain • Plants • Fish • Wildlife • Structural Damage

  7. Summary of Alkanes • 2 Reaction types : Combustion and Substitution • Industrial use : Fuels • Heating and cooking • Internal combustion engines fuel • Diesel and aviation • Lubricating oil and fuel oil • Environmental Impact • Air Pollution • Greenhouse Gas Effect • Acidic Rain (Fish, Wildlife, Plants, Structural Damage)

  8. Summary of Aromatics • 3 Reaction types : Nitration, Alkylation, Halogenation • Industrial Use • After shave lotion • Degreasing metal solvent • Rubbers, explosives, detergents, lubricants, dyes, and drugs. • Chemical creation intermediate (cyclohexane). • Environmental Impact • Air pollution • Photochemical Smog • Plants, Roots, Crops • Water, Marine Life

  9. Quiz: Were you paying attention? • The following is an example of a(n) • A) Aromatic • B) Alkane • C) Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide

  10. Quiz: Were you paying attention? • The following is an example of : Hint: Rhymes with filtration

  11. Quiz: Were you paying attention? • What are two industrial uses of Aromatics? Hint:

  12. Quiz: Were you paying attention? • Alkanes use ______ or ________ as a catalyst in substitution reactions. Hint:

  13. Quiz: Were you paying attention? • Which of the following are the types of reactions experienced in Aromatics? • A) Halogenation, Nitration, Alkylation • B) Combustion, Nitration, Alkylation • C) Combustion, Combustion, Combustion • D) All of the Above • E) D • F) E

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