Chapter 12, Section 01: The Compromise of 1850

1. Chapter 12, Section 01: The Compromise of 1850

2. The Compromise of 1850 • Many thought that the raw material to be gained in new states would bring strife and tragedy for our nation as a whole. The first act of this drama would result in a great “__________________”. • The only question that was left for a nation that was “___________ _______” was, when and how would they abolish slavery.

3. The Gold Rush • Coincidently,______ was found near Sutter’s Mill, ___________. It was found in the same year that _______ handed over California to the Untied States. In result, all the gold rushers went to California.

4. The Clipper Ships • Some of the most splendid sailing vessels ever built sailed to California. _______ ships received their name because they could “clip” time off of a passage. These swift ships were built in _______________and used for the need to speed to ______________. British steamships, which were larger and more dependable, brought the age of sail to an end.

5. The Clipper Ships (cont’d.) • The best clipper ship was made by master shipbuilder ________________. When he was a young man, he emigrated from Nova Scotia. • He had a rare sense of design and detail, he made the quickest and most beautiful ships of the age while working in East Boston. • McKay became ____________ _____________________________

6. California asks for Admission to the Union • Everyone everywhere rushed to California. ______ _________________________ __________________________ • In _____, over 80,000 people made it to California. These Americans wanted to join the Union as a new state, and make __________ _______________which would break the tie. • In 1849 there were 30 states, altogether, which made ___________________ __________________________ California

7. The Wilmot Proviso • Questions being brought up were: • ______________________________ ______________________________ • _______________________________ _______________________________ • Antislavery congressmen knew that there would be demands for more land from Mexico. • _____________, a Democrat from Pennsylvania, proposed an amendment to Polk’s bill. • He offered that “_______________ _______________________________ ________________________________ _______________________________.

8. The Wilmot Proviso (cont’d.) • Antislavery men and Westerners who were still upset that they couldn’t take all of Oregon ___________ the amendment. • It passed many times in the House in 1846-1847, but each time the Senate didn’t pass it. • The result was that Americans were now divided by the problems of ________________. David Wilmot

9. The Wilmot Proviso (cont’d.) • The South spoke through its leaders, John C. Calhoun of South Carolina and Jefferson Davis of Mississippi, ________________________. • Congress thought they didn’t have any right to interfere with __________ in the territories. • Slavery would now be forbidden, but only when ___________________ _______________, and then by act of the state itself. John C. Calhoun

10. The Election of 1848 • While the election of 1848 drew near, both of the political parties wanted to _________________________. • The Democrats nominated Governor Lewis Cass of Michigan. • Cass was a strong ___________t, sympathetic to the South, and cared little about _____________________________

11. The Election of 1848 • The Whigs opposed the war • They nominated the hero of the Battle of Buena Vista, __________________________ • Taylor was a professional soldier and a Louisiana sugar planter • he was also the owner of 300 slaves & he knew nothing about politics. • Taylor had not even voted in some years • The Free-Soil act consisted of _____________________ _________________________. They nominated Martin Van Buren for President, and Charles Francis Adams, for vice president.

12. Taylor won but didn’t last long! • Old Rough and Ready ____________________ ___________________ __________________ ________________ (the third shortest tenure of any President. Only Presidents William Henry Harrison and James Garfield served less time) served less time. Taylor was succeeded by his ____________________ _____________________

13. Henry Clay’s plan • Henry Clay, 73 years of age from Kentucky, was at the congressional arena along with John C. Calhoun. ______________________ _________________________________________ __________________________________________ ___________________________________________. • Clay created the “_______________”, that said California would be admitted as a free state (something for the North), a ______________ would allow slave owners to recapture slaves (something for the South), the slave trade would be abolished in the ________________ (something for the North), and slavery would be ________________(something for the South). • David Webster approved of the compromise, for fear that the Union was at stake. • September 1850, President Fillmore signed the Compromise into law. Henry Clay

14. Revolt against the Fugitive Slave Act • This act provided that the state and city authorities and normal citizens ______ _______________________ _____________________________. • Northerners helped the slaves by making more ways and routes to escape. • In response to this act, runaway slaves and Northerners made the “__________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________

15. Election of 1852 • The North and the South were disagreeing in who they would choose to elect. • The Democrats nominated Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire. • The Whigs nominated General Winfield Scott, of Virginia. • _______________________ ______________________ ________________________.

16. Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe showed just what a slave was put through. • In the end the hero, the Christ-like black, Uncle Tom is flogged to death by plantation owners because he wouldn’t give up the hiding spots of two escaped slaves. • Mrs. Stowe gave a copy of the book to President Franklin Pierce and while he was reading it on the train, he began to cry. • It’s thought that without the book, Lincoln could have never been elected. • Mrs. Stowe went to see Lincoln as well and Lincoln said, “Is this the little woman whose book made such a great war?”

17. The End!