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Computer Organization & Programming. Chapter 9 PC Structure. MMU. BIU. REGISTERS. CACHING PAGING SEGMENTATION. AX. M. A.L.U. BX. A. R. FLAGS. CONTROL. M. PREFETCH DECODE SEQUENCING (MICROCODE). B. F.P.U. R. IR. PC CPU. CPU REGISTERS. AX - ACCUMULATOR BX - BASE
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Computer Organization & Programming Chapter 9 PC Structure
MMU BIU REGISTERS CACHING PAGING SEGMENTATION AX M A.L.U. BX A R FLAGS CONTROL M • PREFETCH • DECODE • SEQUENCING • (MICROCODE) B F.P.U. R IR PC CPU
CPU REGISTERS AX - ACCUMULATOR BX - BASE CX - COUNT DX - DATA DI - DESTINATION INDEX SI - SOURCE INDEX SP - STACK POINTER BP - BASE POINTER DS - DATA SEGMENT CS - CODE SEGMENT ES - EXTRA SEGMENT SS - STACK SEGMENT IP - INSTRUCTION POINTER FLAGS
THE FLAGS REGISTER 0 2 8 6 1 7 5 4 3 12 9 13 10 11 14 15 C P A O I T S D Z OVERFLOW DIRECTION INTERRUPT TRAP SIGN ZERO AUXILLIARY PARITY CARRY
THE MEMORY • RAM: • DRAM • SRAM • SDRAM • RDRAM(RAMBUS) • ROM • CACHE MEMORY(L1,L2) • CMOS RAM • SHADOW RAM
MEMORY ADDRESSES SEGMENT ADDRESS * 16 + OFFSET ADDRESS = PHYSICAL ADDRESS SEGMENT:OFFSET 1000:2150 1000*16=10000 + 2150 12150
CONTROLLING EXTERNAL DEVICES • POLLING • INTERRUPT: • HARDWARE INTERRUPT • SOFTWARE INTERRUPT
