Internet Introduction

1. Internet Introduction • Key Definitions: • Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected networks, connecting private, public and university networks in one cohesive unit. • Intranet: An intranet is a private enterprise network that uses internet and web technologies for information gathering and distribution within an organization. • Extranet: An extranet is a community of interest created by extending an intranet to selected entities external to an organization. MSIA711.05

2. Global Internet Network Hierarchy • The Internet: • Exists due to the interconnection of private, public and university networks. • Networks connect to each other at various public or private connection points, called peering points. • Public peering points are called Network Access Points (NAPs) • Private peering points follow Acceptable Use Practices (AUP) • Internet Services Providers • Classified into three tiers, based on size and capacity: • Tier 1: Big, national backbones of multiple OC-12 - 48; UUNet, Sprint. • Tier 2: Large, metropolitan backbones. • Tier 3: Local ISPs. MSIA711.05

3. The Internet v. Internet-Related Technology • Internet: relates to the global network • Internet Technologies: • Collection of internet protocols and applications • Based upon Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for network transport • Based upon many protocols for applications: • Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) and Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) for e-mail • Telnet for remote logon • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for exchanging data files. • Web Technology- refers to the use of: • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for transport of web data • Hypertext Markup Language/Extended Markup Language (HTML/XML) for data presentation. MSIA711.05

4. Intranet • Intranet reaching the “Main Stream Market” • Provides easy access to internal data by publishing the information on departmental intranets. • Sets up employee self-service web sites for human resources, payroll, sales, marketing and training. • More complex applications on the horizon: • Collaborative workflow managers, including scheduling, messaging, and discussion groups • Inventory and logistic management systems • Consumer help desk and knowledge management systems. • What is the “7% Principle?” MSIA711.05

5. The Intranet • Prerequisites for the Successful Deployment of the Intranet: • Unified intranet strategy and architecture • Secure and ubiquitous intra-enterprise connectivity • Integration with legacy networks and applications • Use of standards-based technology for network, security, and web-authoring. • Common user interface based on a universal web client • Implementation of enterprise-side policies on network access, security, content authoring, and management • Management and user buy-in. MSIA711.05

6. Intranet Components • The Wide Area Network (WAN) Component contains: • The physical connection to the internet • The physical connection to a frame relay cloud (see fig. 1.5) • The WAN router and network addressing schemes • The configuration of frame relay Permanent Virtual Circuit on a WAN router • The configuration of Internet-based Virtual Private Network on a WAN router or WAN firewall • The WAN network routing protocol like Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) for external connection and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) for internal connection • Any questions on these connection concepts? MSIA711.05

7. Intranet Components • The Local Area Network (LAN) Component consists of: • The LAN Technology (e.g., Ethernet) • The LAN Topology (e.g., star, bus) • The LAN router and network addressing scheme • The LAN network routing protocol • The LAN firewall and load-sharing components • Any questions regarding these terms and concepts? MSIA711.05

8. Intranet Components • The Server and Application Software Component: • The intranet application servers and associated client servers • The gateway server for protocol translation • The high-resiliency design of the server component for high availability • The backup server and associated backup hardware like the tape juke-box. • ? MSIA711.05

9. Intranet Components • The Security Component: • Air gap and firewall security techniques: • Air gap- security by isolation; internal network is not connected to the external network • Firewall: Filter that screens and accepts or rejects connection requests • The corporate security framework and the security policies for internal and external connectivity • The LAN and WAN firewalls and VPN setup • The secure configuration of the intranet application and the server operating system • The encryption, authentication and data integrity check methodologies. MSIA711.05

10. Intranet Components • The Intranet Service Management Component: • The management of intracompany Service Level Agreements (SLAs) • The management of SLAs with external service providers like Internet Services Providers (ISPs) and frame relay service providers. • The internal network management and reporting systems • The internal help desk and trouble ticketing system MSIA711.05

11. Extranet • Extranet: Community of Interest created by extending the extranet to selected entities external to an organization • Deployed as private networks to develop business-to-business relationships between vendors, partners, and customers. • Extranet applications: • Online ordering *News and content • Marketing and product information * Legacy database access • Inventory management * ERP; supply chain managemt. • Collaborative research and development * Collaborative scheduling • Training, policy and standards * Customer service/self service • E-mail and chat *Bulletin boards and groups • Billing and account history *On-line financial transactions MSIA711.05

12. Extranet Advantages • Advantages • Collaborative research and development (R&D) fosters better ties between partners and shorter time-to-market, thus reducing the product life cycle and increasing product competitiveness • ERP and supply chain management streamline business processes • Better customer support increases customer loyalty and weans customers from live representatives to cheaper “self-help.” • Collaborative extranets foster team spirit among partners and customers, reduce cost of production, travel costs, and customer service, and improve the speed of communications speed. • Customer/partner access to backend data improves efficiency • Brings access to new markets through IP-based EDI participation MSIA711.05

13. Extranet Development Considerations • Keep in mind, when developing extranets: • Security exposure to internal and partner networks and systems • Ease of use • Interoperable technology • Ability to leverage legacy applications • High availability (as the extranet applications become mission critical, it is important to maintain the constant availability of these applications). • Network and extranet application performance as it scales upward • Set correct expectations of network performance • Legal considerations of connecting multiple systems and the potential impact on the current operation due to new setup. MSIA711.05

14. Extranet Security • When two or more entities collaborate on the intranet: • Security has to cover all paths between parties (pp. 20-22) • Access to the extranet application server can be restricted to the partners and suppliers by (two possible examples): • Using access control lists (ACLs) on the router, which is a part of the directory application. • Using an authenticated application proxy via the firewall server shown in figure 1.1. In this scenario, the application server would be connected to one of the interfaces on the firewall server, instead of an interface on the router. • The choice of the solution depends on the desired level of access control and audit tracking capability. MSIA711.05

15. Extranet Examples • Extranet Communities of Interests (COIs): • Vendors • Partners • Company • Customers drive relationships that the company establishes with vendors and partners • Customer service/product quality first; cost-cutting second. MSIA711.05

16. Extranet Examples • Supply Chain Process (SCP) • Since the SCP is almost completely automated. . . • Several departments get automatic notifications as a user request is processed through the chain • For example, when the item is shipped from the supplier the production manager is notified of the arriving items, while the purchasing manager gets the shipping details and the invoice. • When the item is received, the inventory is updated automatically. • SCP allows manufacturers to control inventory costs, while the procurement guys tighten forecasting and ordering • SCP equally applicable to small or big purchases. MSIA711.05

17. Extranet Examples • Extranet Success Stories: • McDonnell Douglas’s inventory management extranet provides access to 500 suppliers and tracks 80,000 parts and assemblies. • Shell’s extranet manages inventories for its customers • Cisco Systems allows customers to track and order equipment on-line based on a pre-negotiated relationship • DaimlerChrysler in Japan allow its dealers to process orders over the extranet (very little traffic on this extranet) • Courtyard Marriott provides marketing reports and operating manuals to all of its operators in the U.S. • Pharmaceutical manufacturers allow hospitals, retail stores, and clinics access to order processing and inventory tracking systems. MSIA711.05