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Lesson 32 Participles (cont.)

Lesson 32 Participles (cont.). “Verbal Adjectives”. Participle Usage. 1. Attributive (# 244) – see Lesson 30 Has article; modifies a noun. Translate: “the blanking noun;” “the noun which blanks. ” 2. Substantive (# 245) – see Lesson 30 Has article; stands in place of understood noun.

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Lesson 32 Participles (cont.)

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  1. Lesson 32Participles (cont.) “Verbal Adjectives”

  2. Participle Usage 1. Attributive (# 244) – see Lesson 30 • Has article; modifies a noun. • Translate: “the blanking noun;” “the noun which blanks.” 2. Substantive (# 245) – see Lesson 30 • Has article; stands in place of understood noun. • Translate: “the blanking one;” “the one who blanks.” 3. Circumstantial (# 254, 256) • No article; makes additional statement. • First attempt: “Blanking/having blanked.” • Expansion: “While/after/because he blanked,” etc.

  3. Participle Usage – cont. 4. Genitive absolute (# 265) • No article (like circumstantial). • Participle and noun (or pronoun) in genitive case. • Disconnected from main clause. • Translation – similar to circumstantial: • First attempt: Participial phrase. • Expansion into subordinate clause: While/after/because, etc. • Noun agreeing with part. becomes “subject.” (Noun in gen. case is translated as subject!) • Do NOT translate the genitive as “of”!!!!!!!!!

  4. Examples of Genitive Absolute (# 265) • tau/ta eivpo,ntwn tw/n maqhtw/n oi` dou/loi h=lqon eivj to.n oi=kon) • eivpo,ntwn agrees with maqhtw/n (no place in sentence). • “The disciples having said these things, the slaves went into the house.” • “After the disciples said these things, the slaves went into the house.” • NOT: “Of the disciples saying…” or “Of saying the disciples…” • genome,nhj h`me,raj oi` poime,nej avph/lqon) • genome,nhj agrees with h`me,raj (no place in sentence). • “Day having come, the shepherds departed.” • “When day had come, the shepherds departed.” • NOT: “Of day having come” or “Of coming of day…”

  5. Examples of Genitive Absolute (# 265) 3. auvtou/ le,gontoj tau/ta oi` dou/loi avph/lqon) • le,gontoj agrees with auvtou/ (no place in sentence). • “He saying these things, the slaves departed.” (awkward) • “While he was saying these things, the slaves departed.” (Note: pres. part. translated past.) • NOT: “Of the disciples saying…” or “Of saying the disciples…” 4. e;ti a`martwlw/n o;ntwn h`mw/n Cristo.j u`pe.r h`mw/n avpe,qanen) • o;ntwn agrees with first h`mw/n (no place in sentence). • “We still being sinners, Christ died for us.” (awkward) • “While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.” (Note: pres. part. translated past.) • NOT: “Of sinners being us” or “Of us being sinners…”

  6. Circumstantial vs. Genitive Absolute • Circumstantial – part. agrees with noun/pronoun in sentence. ei;pontej tau/ta avph/lqon oi` dou/loi)(circumstantial) • ei;pontej agrees with dou/loi (subject). • “Having said these things, the slaves departed.” • “After they said these things, the slaves departed.” 2. Gen. abs. – part. agrees with noun/pronoun having no grammatical connection to main clause. eivpo,ntwn tw/n maqhtw/n avph/lqon oi` dou/loi)(gen. abs.) • eivpo,ntwn agrees with maqhtw/n (no place in sentence). • “The disciples having said these things, the slaves departed.” • “After the disciples said these things, the slaves departed.” • NOT: “Of the disciples saying…” or “Of saying the disciples…”

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