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Daniel M. Mainville MIEAust., P. Eng. Department of Sustainability and Environment Associate Professor John C. Brumley School of Civil and Chemical Engineering / RMIT University. The Sustainability of Land Uses in the Strzelecki Ranges in Victoria, Australia. Outline. Introduction
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Daniel M. MainvilleMIEAust., P. Eng. Department of Sustainability and Environment Associate Professor John C. Brumley School of Civil and Chemical Engineering / RMIT University. The Sustainability of Land Uses in the Strzelecki Ranges in Victoria, Australia
Outline • Introduction • Methodology • Results • Discussions • Summary • Acknowledgments
Introduction • Location of Study Area
Introduction • Policy and Legislation • Catchment and Land Protection Act 1984 • Environment Protection Act 1970 • State Environment Protection Policy (Waters of Victoria), 2003 • State Environment Protection Policy (Groundwaters of Victoria), 2002 • Code of Practice • Code of Forest Practices for Timber Production, 1996 • Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 • Planning and Environment Act 1987
Introduction • Policy and Legislation • Commonwealth of Australia Department of the Environment and Heritage (2003), Default Target Values for Upland Rivers: • 2 - 25 NTU for turbidity, and • 30 - 350 µS/cm for EC (at 25°Celsius) • Land Uses • Reserved / Protected Forests • Forestry • Agriculture
Land Use - Control Catchment • Features • steep slopes • Mountain Ash plantation, established in 1972 and 1973 • riparian vegetation - Wet Forest, EVC 30 • natural surface track, 1850 meters • fire access track, 2650 meters • extensive recreational use • healthy stream
Land Use - Plantation Forestry • Features • steep slopes • Mountain Ash plantation • riparian vegetation, Central Highlands Cool Temperate Rainforest EVC 31-01 • 3550 meters of unsealed roads and tracks • healthy stream with bioturbation
Land Use - Agriculture • Features • steep slopes • gravel surfaced road, 3900 meters • natural surface tracks • 8 homes with outbuildings • continuous grazing • unrestricted livestock access to the steam • visible damage to the streambanks • limited riparian vegetation • in-stream farm dams
Methodology • Paired Catchment approach • Water Quality Indicators • Turbidity • Stream Flow • Electrical Conductivity • Temperature • Experimental Site Set Up • Fixed Horizontal Bank • Electrical Conductivity • Turbidity Probe
Methodology • Visual Survey • the extent of leaf litter and presence of bare earth along the stream channel and embankments • areas exhibiting clear indications of lateral corrasion • tree fall • bioturbation such as the evidence of foraging and crayfish burrows • newly incised drainage channels • landslips
Timber Harvesting General Harvesting Area Buffer
Agriculture Livestock Crossing Stream Crossing / Track
Bioturbation Control Catchment Forestry Control Catchment
Bioturbation Bank Disturbance Crawfish Burrows
Recreation Wet Area Slope
Discussion • Forestry • Harvesting Operations • Riparian Vegetation • Agriculture • Grazing • Riparian Vegetation • Recreational Use • General • Roads and Tracks • Policy • Community Engagement
Summary • Research Methodology • Agriculture • Forestry • Recreational Use
Acknowledgments • Special Thanks To: