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NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES. CANCER. OBJECTIVES. identify common types of cancer. recognize some causes of cancer. explain ways that cancer can be treated. describe how to reduce the risk of developing cancer. CANCER. Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in the United States.

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NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

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  1. NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES CANCER

  2. OBJECTIVES • identifycommon types of cancer. • recognizesome causes of cancer. • explainways that cancer can be treated. • describehow to reduce the risk of developing cancer.

  3. CANCER Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in the United States. cancer A disease characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

  4. CANCER When abnormal cells survive the body’s immune system, they divide and may form a tumor. tumor A mass of abnormal cells

  5. CANCER Tumors can be benign or malignant. Malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body. benign Not cancerous malignant Cancerous

  6. TYPES OF CANCER SkinCancer BreastCancer ReproductiveOrgan Cancer LungCancer Colon andRectal Cancer Leukemia Lymphoma

  7. RISK FACTORS Heredity, age, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors are some of the risk factors that can increase a person’s risk of cancer. risk factors Characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a medical disorder or disease

  8. RISK FACTORS Some types of cancer are caused by exposure to carcinogens. carcinogens Substances that cause cancer

  9. RISK FACTORS EXAMPLES ABESTOS CHEMICALS IN TOBACCO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT

  10. DIAGNOSING CANCER If a suspicious lump or formation is discovered beneath the skin, a biopsy is usually done on the tissue. biopsy The removal of a sample of tissue from a person for examination X-rays and scanning equipment may be used to detect abnormal cell formations.

  11. C Change in bowel or bladder habits A A sore that does not heal U Unusual bleeding or discharge T Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere I Indigestion or difficulty swallowing O Obvious change in mole or wart N Nagging cough or hoarseness WARNING SIGNS The Warning Signs of Cancer

  12. DIAGNOSING CANCER The ABCDs of Melanoma A Asymmetry One half doesn’t match the other half. B Border The border is irregular—edges are ragged or blurred. C Color The color is not uniform and may contain shades of brown or black and possibly patches of red, white, or blue. D Diameter The diameter is larger than the size of a pencil eraser (6mm) or is getting bigger.

  13. TREATING CANCER The most common cancer treatments are: • Surgery • Radiation therapy • Chemotherapy radiation therapy A treatment that uses X-rays or other forms of radiation to kill cancer cells chemotherapy The use of powerful medicines to destroy cancer cells

  14. TREATING CANCER When cancer treatment is successful, cancer is in remission. remission When cancer signs and symptoms disappear

  15. TREATING CANCER Cancer that is in remission is sometimes in danger of a recurrence. recurrence The return of cancer after a remission

  16. Tips for Reducing the Risk of Cancer AVOID TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL LIMIT SUN EXPOSURE BE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE PERFORM SELF-EXAMINATIONS

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