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There were linguistic, mutually intelligible ties via Bantu .

What African political and social institutions predate the arrival of Islam? P.172 -192 chapter 8 Review on Monday. There were linguistic, mutually intelligible ties via Bantu. Diverse economies…sedentary agriculture, nomadic pastoralism, trading, ironworking.

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There were linguistic, mutually intelligible ties via Bantu .

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  1. What African political and social institutions predate the arrival of Islam?P.172 -192 chapter 8 Review on Monday • There were linguistic, mutually intelligible ties via Bantu. • Diverse economies…sedentary agriculture, nomadic pastoralism, trading, ironworking. . . • Animistic religion, usually carried out by diviners. • Tradition of oral history, maintained by Griots

  2. Animistic religion, Sierra Leone

  3. What African political and social institutions predate the arrival of Islam?P.172 -192 chapter 8 Review on Monday There were a variety of forms, including centralized, hierarchical, decentralized, and stateless societies. These various political forms often existed side-by-side. There were linguistic, mutually intelligible ties via Bantu Animistic religion, usually carried out by diviners Tradition of oral history, maintained by Griots

  4. Sierra Leone

  5. How did the arrival of Islam affect African societies? • provided a legal system (sharia) • brought the notion of equality under Allah • strengthened local rulers • connected Africa to a larger

  6. What were the Sudanic States and how were they organized? Over time, these included Ghana, Mali, Songhay, Hausa. P.178 Organization: • Generally led by a patriarch or council of elders from a family or lineage, who were considered sacred and separate from their subjects. • Based on an ethnic core and supplemented by conquered peoples of neighboring regions. • Leaders used Islam to consolidate and solidify power.

  7. Sahara, Niger R., Senegal R. What are the geographic boundaries of the West Sudanic empires?

  8. Jenne Mosque in Mali

  9. Timbuktu, Niger What city and river are shared by many of these civilizations?

  10. Why do you think the Sahel states did not push southward toward the ocean? Rainforests. They had good river systems around them. Trade was coming from the north.

  11. How did Islam and the beliefs of indigenous societies fuse among African peoples? Africans wouldn’t give up traditional beliefs altogether (many never converted), but conquerors were not pushing full conversion and were therefore tolerant of leaders who partially assimilated. Thus, and as an example, African gender roles, including matrilineal traditions and open interaction between males/females in public, persisted.

  12. What was the connection between East Africa and Islam? Trade led to Islamization, but Islam heightened trade due to enhanced trust amongst merchants of an expansive Muslim world. Swahili language is a good example of this symbiotic relationship.

  13. East Africa What elements of geography and climate would confine the Swahili civilization to the coasts of the Indian Ocean? Highlands, lack of navigable rivers, best trade is on the monsoon routes

  14. Lalibela Church in Ethiopia

  15. East Africa With what other Indian Ocean cultures did the Swahili trade? India Arabia Persia SE Asia

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