1 / 17

HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS. Lauren Davidson. Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Commonly know as HIV Attacks the immune system Destroys CD4+ T cells Transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids Blood Semen, pre-seminal fluid R ectal fluids V aginal fluids B reast milk. Stages of HIV.

salaam
Download Presentation

HIV/AIDS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. HIV/AIDS Lauren Davidson

  2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Commonly know as HIV • Attacks the immune system • Destroys CD4+ T cells • Transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids • Blood • Semen, pre-seminal fluid • Rectal fluids • Vaginal fluids • Breast milk

  3. Stages of HIV • Acute Infection • Clinical Latency • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • AIDS

  4. 1. Acute Infection • Within 2 to 4 weeks after infection with HIV • Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS): flu-like symptoms • Primary HIV infection • Possible to show no symptoms • Greatest chance to spread HIV

  5. 2. Clinical Latency • Asymptomatic/Chronic HIV infection • Virus reproduces within the body at slower rates • Still possible to spread virus

  6. 3. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • AIDS- final stage of infection • Body is vulnerable to infections and infection-related cancers • Opportunistic illnesses • Diagnosis: • CD4+ cells < 200 cells/mm3 • Develop one or more opportunistic illnesses

  7. HIV/AIDS in the us • First reported in the United States: • HIV: mid-late 1970’s • AIDS: 1981 • Since 1981, more than 980,000 cases of AIDS have been reported • Over 1,000,000 Americans are infected with HIV • ¼ are unaware of infection

  8. HIV/aids in the us • About 50,000 people get infected with HIV each year • In 2010, about 15,500 people with AIDS died in the United States • More than 635,000 individuals with AIDS in the United States have died

  9. HIV/aids in the us

  10. Transmission • Having sex without a condom • Sharing needles • Pregnancy, child birth, breast feeding • 25% chance

  11. Risk factors Gender Racial/Ethnicity Risky Behavior Age

  12. Complications Common infections Other complications Cancer: Kaposi's sarcoma tumor of the blood vessel walls Lymphoma Wasting syndrome Dementia Kidney disease • Tuberculosis (TB) • Salmonellosis. • Cytomegalovirus (CMV • Candidiasis • “Thrush” • Cryptococcal meningitis • Toxoplasmosis • Cryptosporidiosis

  13. treatment • HIV/AIDS is not curable • Only treatable • 31 antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) • Suppress virus replication • Medication regimen • Several drugs, several times a day • “Medical cocktail” • Adherence is crucial

  14. Prevention Reduce the risk of contracting or transmitting HIV: Do not share needles Use male or female condoms • Get tested regularly • Practice abstinence • Remain faithful to spouse/ partner

  15. Stress • Psychosocial factors play an important role in progression of HIV infection, its morbidity and mortality: • Stressful life events • Depression • Denial/Avoidance coping • Negative expectations • Lack of social support • ARV treatment helps to reduce impact of stress

  16. Thank you

  17. Bibliography • Balbin, EG, Ironson, GH,Solomon, GF. (1999). Stress and Coping: The Psychoneuroimmunology of HIV/AIDS. Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 13(4), 615-633. • Baruchel, S. (1992). The Role of Oxidative Stress in Disease Progression in Individuals Infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 52(1), 111-114. • HIV/AIDS (2008). In National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases online. Retrieved from http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/HIVAIDS/Understanding/Pages/whatAreHIVAI DS.aspx • HIV Basics (n.d). In Centers for Disease Control and Prevention online. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/index.html • Leserman, J., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Gaynes, B. N., & al, e. (2000). Impact of Stressful Life Events, Depression, Social Support, Coping, and Cortisol on Progression to AIDS. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(8), 1221-8. • Leserman, J., Petitto, J. M., Gu, H., Gaynes, B. N., Barroso, J., Golden, R. N., Evans, D. L. (2002). Progression to AIDS, a Clinical AIDS Condition and Mortality: Psychosocial and Physiological Predictors. Psychological Medicine, 32(6), 1059-73.

More Related