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PENGKONDISIAN KLASIK ( Classical Conditioning) ( Sumber : Wittig, 1981; Ormrod ,…)

PENGKONDISIAN KLASIK ( Classical Conditioning) ( Sumber : Wittig, 1981; Ormrod ,…). Karisma Sukmayanti, M.A PS.Psikologi-Unud. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov ( 1849-1936). Pemikiran Dasar Behaviorism. Equipotentiality Objectifity : S – R

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PENGKONDISIAN KLASIK ( Classical Conditioning) ( Sumber : Wittig, 1981; Ormrod ,…)

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  1. PENGKONDISIAN KLASIK(Classical Conditioning)(Sumber: Wittig, 1981; Ormrod,…) Karisma Sukmayanti, M.A PS.Psikologi-Unud Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936)

  2. PemikiranDasar Behaviorism • Equipotentiality • Objectifity : S – R • Internal process are largely excluded from scientific study • Learning involves a behavior change • Organism are born as blank slates • Learning is largely the result of environmental events

  3. Pengertian • Unconditioned Stimulus (US/UCS):stimulus ygmampumenimbulkanreaksi natural/otomatis, sblmpengkondisiandimulai • Unconditioned Response (UR/UCR):responygmunculkrn US/UCS • Conditioned Stimulus (CS): stimulus netralygdihadirkanutkmemunculkanresponbaru,krndipasangkanbersama US/UCS • Conditioned Response (CR):responygmunculkrnCS

  4. ParadigmaPengkondisianKlasik • Acquisition : pemasangan CS & US scrberulangakanmenghasilkan CR • 1 pemasangan= menghadirkan CS & segeradiikuti o/ hadirnya US:

  5. Cont’d… • Extinction : stlhpengkondisiantjd, scrberulanghadirnya CS tdkdiikuti o/hadirnya US, hingga CR melemah & berangsur2 tdkmuncul I II X

  6. Cont’d… • Spontaneous Recovery: kembalimunculnya CR, ketika CS dihadirkankembalisetelahtjdextinction/periodeistrht I X ----------------delay/istirahat--------------------- II

  7. Cont’d… • Generalization: kecenderunganorganismemerespontdkhanya pd stimulus asli, tpjg pd stimulus ygmmlikikemiripan dg stimulus asli • Primary stimulus generalization:kecenderunganorganismemerespontdkhanya pd stimulus asli, tpjg pd stimulus ygmmlikikemiripanscrfisik dg stimulus asli • Secondary stimulus generalization:kecenderunganorganismemerespontdkhanya pd stimulus asli, tpjg pd stimulus lain ygdidsrkan pd kesamaanpengetahuan (pengetahuanbahasa)

  8. Cont’d… • Discrimination:kecenderunganorganismemeresponhanya pd stimulus asli I CR II X

  9. Cont’d… • Higher-Order Conditioning + +

  10. Cont’d… • Sensory Preconditioning: : dapatdigunakansbgpenjelasanalternatifthptjdnyakasus-kasuskecemasan

  11. PengukuranConditioned Response • Amplitudodarirespon • Frekuensidarirespon • Latensidarirespon • Ketahanandaripemadaman

  12. EfekPenguatanSebagian • Penguatan Sebagian: prosedur acquisition dimn CS selalu dihadirkan (dlm tiap percobaan), namun US dipasangkan hanya pd bbrp percobaan saja • Efek penguatan sebagian CR cenderung lebih tahan thp pemadaman (extinction), dibandingkan dg CR yg mendpt penguatan scr terus-menerus

  13. ImplikasiPendidikanBerdasarkanPrinsipPengkondisianKlasik • Practice is important • Students should encounter academic subject matter in a positive cimate & associate it with positive emotions • To break a habit, a person must replace one S-R connection with another one • Assesing learning involves looking for behavior change

  14. C u next week…

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