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West Nile Virus Robin DaSilva , Ph.D student Doctor of Philosophy in Health Science

West Nile Virus Robin DaSilva , Ph.D student Doctor of Philosophy in Health Science Public Health: Education and health promotion Walden University PUBH 8165-10: Environment Health Instructor: Dr. Howard Rubin Winter 2010. Objectives. What is WNV? Types Severity of disease Symptoms

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West Nile Virus Robin DaSilva , Ph.D student Doctor of Philosophy in Health Science

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  1. West Nile Virus Robin DaSilva, Ph.D student Doctor of Philosophy in Health Science Public Health: Education and health promotion Walden University PUBH 8165-10: Environment Health Instructor: Dr. Howard Rubin Winter 2010

  2. Objectives • What is WNV? • Types • Severity of disease • Symptoms • Treatment • Who is at risk? • How to protection yourself • What to do if you suspect WNV • Available resources/staying informed • Brochure

  3. What is vector borne disease/WNV • Insect/arthropods  humans or animals • dead bird or animals mosquitoes (WNV)  human (CDC, 2010).

  4. Type of WNV • There are two form of WNV • Neuroinvasive form • Affect the neurological system • Non-neuroinvasive • Do not Affect the neurological system (MedlinePlus, 2011).

  5. How severe is this problem • 981 reported cases, 45 case resulted death • 601 neuroinvasive cases • 380 Non-neuroinvasive case • A few Viremic donor cases (PVDs) • States with the highest incidence of WNV • Mississippi, South Dakota, Wyoming, Colorado and Nebraska (CDC, 2010c)

  6. What to look for/symptoms • Onset of signs and symptoms • Symptoms includes • high fevers, headache, body ache, neck stiffness, confusion, severe generalize weakness, numbness, and paralysis • Symptoms can last for several weeks (CDC, 2010a).

  7. What treatment options available • No specific treatments for WNV • Symptoms resolve spontaneously. • Non-neuroinvasive cases treated with OTC • Neuroinvasive cases admitted to the hospital • Hospitalized individuals • supportive medical and nursing care • Interferon for brain infected cases (Mayoclinic, 2010)

  8. Who is at risk • Aged 50 years and ≥70 at risk for severe illness • Incidence increased with age • Time spend outdoors • Additional risk group include • surgical candidate • organ transplant individuals • blood transfusion (CDC, 2010b).

  9. How can you protect yourself • The goal is to avoid being bitten: • Decrease the amount of time spend outdoor • Use clothing which will provide most • Use insect repellents • Spray clothing • Repellents with the most active ingredients • Mosquito net if and when possible • Reduce the amount of mosquitoes • Avoid or dispose of standing water • Once or twice a week change water • Ensure proper draining system (CDC, 2010d)

  10. If you are suspicious/Screening • Three screening test approved by the Food and Drug Administration • The Procleix West Nile Virus Assay • The ProcleixTIGRIS • The TapScreen WNV test • Detection of WNV DNA in the blood, tissue, and organs • Blood work/Laboratory testing (NIAID, 2010). • Lumbar puncture • Electroencephalography (EEG) and MRI scan (Mayoclinc, 2010)

  11. How to stay inform • Public Service Announcement (PSA) • CDC web site • Social network • Brochures

  12. Question, comments and concerns

  13. The EndThank you

  14. References • Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010a). West Nile Virus: What you need to know. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/wnv_factsheet.htm • Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010b). West Nile Virus: Statistics, surveillance, and control. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&controlCaseCount10_detailed.htm • Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010c). MMWR-Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: West Nile Virus Activity- United States, 2009. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/media/mmwrnews /2010 n10070 1.htm#1 stupor • Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010d). West Nile Virus: Fight the bite. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/prevention_info.htm • MedlinePlus (2010). West Nile Virus (WNV). Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/westnilevirus.html • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (2010). West Nile Virus: Diagnosis. Retrieved from http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/westNile/understanding/Pages/diagnosis.aspx • Picture were obtain from • the picture with human, mosquito, bird & horse came from micro soft clip art • The picture in the brochure came from http://www.gossipjackal.com/entertainment/2010/07/27/west-nile-virus-has-been-detected-the-mosquitoes-are-here-again/ • Fight the bite pic came from http://www.emerycounty.com/weed/West%20Nile%20Information.htm • mosquito on water pic came from http://blog.redfin.com/sandiego/2008/06/west_nile_virus_hitting_san_diego_county.html • bucket pic came from http://www.maine.gov/dep/blwq/topic/westnile/

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