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III. Multicore Processors (4)

III. Multicore Processors (4). Dezső Sima Spring 2007. (Ver. 2.0).  Dezső Sima, 2007. 10.2. AMD’s MC processors. 10.2.1 Dual/quad-core desktop processors. 10.2.2 Dual-core server processors. 10.2 Overview of AMD’s multi-core processor lines. Figure: Overview of AMD’s recent lines.

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III. Multicore Processors (4)

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  1. III. Multicore Processors (4) Dezső Sima Spring 2007 (Ver. 2.0)  Dezső Sima, 2007

  2. 10.2. AMD’s MC processors • 10.2.1 Dual/quad-core desktop processors • 10.2.2 Dual-core server processors

  3. 10.2 Overview of AMD’s multi-core processor lines Figure: Overview of AMD’s recent lines Source:http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2006/0313/kaigai05l.gif

  4. 10.2.1 Dual/quad-core desktop processors Athlon 64 X2 lines (E4) • Manchester line 90 nm 5/2005 (E6) 90 nm • Toledo line 5/2005 (F2/F3) • Windsor line 5/2006 90 nm (G1) • Brisbane line 12/2006 65 nm (H) • Barcelona (quad-core) line 2007 65 nm Athlon 64 FX 60/70 lines 90 nm (E6/F2/F3) • Athlon 64 FX line 1/2006

  5. 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (1) Figure 5.9: Block diagram of AMD’s Athlon 64 X2 dual-core processor lines Source: AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core Processor Key Architectural Features, http://www.amd.com/gb-uk/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_9485_13041^13043,00.html

  6. 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (2) San Diego Toledo Windsor Barcelona L2: 1 MB L2: 2x 1 MB) (L2: 2 x 1 MB) (L2: 2 MB) Figure: The evolution of AMD’s Athlon 64 X2 dual-core processor lines Source:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Amd_cpu_die_compare.jpg

  7. 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (3) Stepping E (Manchester/Toledo cores) Stepping D Transition from 130 nm to 90 nm SOI and addition of SSE3 Stepping F (Winchester cores) Stepping E Support of DDR2 and the Pacifica virtualisation technology Stepping G (Brisbane cores) Stepping F Transition from 90 nm to 65 nm Figure: Main charateristics of the transitions from Steppings D to G

  8. 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (4) Athlon 64 X2 Cores (Manchester) (Toledo) (Windsor) (512 KB) (Windsor) (1 MB) (Brisbane) Models 3800+/4200+ 4600+ 3800+1 – 4800+ 3800+ - 5400+2 4000+ - 5200+2 4000+ - 5000+ Stepping E4 E6 F2/F3 F3 G1 Introduced 5/2005 5/2005 5/2006 12/2006 12/2006 Technology 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI 65 nm SOI Die size 147 mm2 199 mm2 183 mm2 230 mm2 126 mm2 Nr. of transistors 154 mtrs 233 mtrs 154 mtrs 227 mtrs 154 mtrs TDP [W] 89 W 110 W 89/110 W 65/89 W 65 W fc [GHz] 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0-2.8 2.1/2.3/2.5/2.6 L2 size 2*512 KB 2*512 KB/2*1 MB 2*512 KB 2*1 MB 2*512 KB Memory type DDR DDR DDR2 DDR2 Socket 939 939 AM2 AM2 Pacifica virt. tech. Cool ‘n’ Quiet NX-bit 1 Introduced 8/2006 2 Introduced 12/2006 Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core the Athlon 64 X2 family Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  9. 10.2.1 Manchester line (1) Venice San Diego Stepping E3/E6, 90 nm, L2: 512 KB 84 mm2, 77 mtrs Stepping E4/E6, 90 nm, L2: 1 MB 115 mm2, 114 mtrs Figure: Single core versions of the Manchester and Toledo cores Source: http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm

  10. 10.2.1 Manchester line (2) Athlon 64 X2 Cores (Manchester) Models 3800+/4200+ 4600+ Stepping E4 Introduced 5/2005 Technology 90 nm SOI Die size 147 mm2 Nr. of transistors 154 mtrs TDP [W] 89 W 110 W fc [GHz] 2.0/2.2/2.4 L2 size 2*512 KB Memory type DDR Socket 939 Pacifica virt. tech. Cool ‘n’ Quiet NX-bit Table: Main features of the Manchester cores Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  11. 10.2.1 Toledo line (1) Toledo Figure: Die shot of the Toledo core (Stepping E6, 90 nm, L2: 1 MB)) Source: http://www.beareyes.com.cn/2/lib/200605/24/20060524141_4.htm

  12. 10.2.1 Toledo line (2) Toledo San Diego 115 mm2, 114 mtrs Stepping E6, 199 mm2, 233 mtrs Figure: The dual-core Toledo core includes basically two San Diego cores (90 nm, L2: 1 MB) Source:http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm

  13. 10.2.1 Toledo line (3) Athlon 64 X2 Cores (Manchester) (Toledo) Models 3800+/4200+ 4600+ 3800+1 – 4800+ Stepping E4 E6 Introduced 5/2005 5/2005 Technology 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI Die size 147 mm2 199 mm2 Nr. of transistors 154 mtrs 233 mtrs TDP [W] 89 W 110 W 89/110 W fc [GHz] 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0/2.2/2.4 L2 size 2*512 KB 2*512KB/2*1 MB Memory type DDR DDR Socket 939 939 Pacifica virt. tech. Cool ‘n’ Quiet NX-bit Table: Main features of the Toledo cores Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  14. 10.2.1 Windsor line (1) Windsor Figure: Die shot of the Windsor core (Stepping F) Source: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html

  15. 10.2.1 Windsor line (2) Toledo Windsor (Stepping E6, 90 nm/199mm2/233 mtrs.) (Stepping F2/3, 90 nm/230 mm2/227 mtrs.) (Socket 939) (Socket AM2) Figure: Contrasting the Windsor (Rev. F) and the Toledo cores (Rev. E) (Stepping F supports DDR2 and the Pacific virtualisation technology) Sources: http://www.beareyes.com.cn/2/lib/200605/24/20060524141_4.htm Romanchenko V. and Sofronov D., „Debut of AMD AM2: the long-awaited DDR2 on AMD Athlon X2,” http://www.digital-daily.com/cpu/amd_am2_4000/

  16. 10.2.1 Windsor line (3) Athlon 64 X2 Cores (Manchester) (Toledo) (Windsor)(512 KB) (Windsor) (1 MB) Models 3800+/4200+ 4600+ 3800+1 – 4800+ 3800+ - 5400+2 4000+ - 5200+2 Stepping E4 E6 F2/F3 F3 Introduced 5/2005 5/2005 5/2006 12/2006 Technology 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI Die size 147 mm2 199 mm2 183 mm2 230 mm2 Nr. of transistors 154 mtrs 233 mtrs 154 mtrs 227 mtrs TDP [W] 89 W 110 W 89/110 W 65/89 W fc [GHz] 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0-2.8 L2 size 2*512 KB 2*512 KB/2*1 MB 2*512 KB 2*1 MB Memory type DDR DDR DDR2 Socket 939 939 AM2 Pacifica virt. tech. Cool ‘n’ Quiet NX-bit Table: Main features of the Windsor cores Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  17. 10.2.1 Brisbane line (1) Brisbane Figure: Die shot of the 65 nm Brisbane core Source: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html

  18. 10.2.1 Brisbane line (2) Brisbane Figure: Floor plan of the Brisbane core (single core version) Source: PC Watch, Mai 2006, http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2006/0503/kaigai267.htm

  19. 10.2.1 Brisbane line (3) Brisbane Windsor (Stepping F2/F3, 90 nm, L2: 2 x 1 MB) (Stepping G1, 65 nm, 512 KB, enlarged) Figure: Floor plans of the Windsor and a single core Brisbane Sources: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html PC Watch, Mai 2006, http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2006/0503/kaigai267.htm

  20. 10.2.1 Brisbane line (4) Athlon 64 X2 Cores (Manchester) (Toledo) (Windsor) (512 KB) (Windsor) (1 MB) (Brisbane) Models 3800+/4200+ 4600+ 3800+1 – 4800+ 3800+ - 5400+2 4000+ - 5200+2 4000+ - 5000+ Stepping E4 E6 F2/F3 F3 G1 Introduced 5/2005 5/2005 5/2006 12/2006 12/2006 Technology 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI 90 nm SOI 65 nm SOI Die size 147 mm2 199 mm2 183 mm2 230 mm2 126 mm2 Nr. of transistors 154 mtrs 233 mtrs 154 mtrs 227 mtrs 154 mtrs TDP [W] 89 W 110 W 89/110 W 65/89 W 65 W fc [GHz] 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0/2.2/2.4 2.0-2.8 2.1/2.3/2.5/2.6 L2 size 2*512 KB 2*512 KB/2*1 MB 2*512 KB 2*1 MB 2*512 KB Memory type DDR DDR DDR2 DDR2 Socket 939 939 AM2 AM2 Pacifica virt. tech. Cool ‘n’ Quiet NX-bit Table: Main features of the Brisbane cores Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  21. 10.2.1 Barcelona line (1) Brisbane Barcelona (65 nm) K8 based (65 nm) K8L based Figure: Contrasting the basic parts of the Brisbane and Barcelona cores Source: Romanchenko V. and Sofronov D., „Debut of AMD AM2: the long-awaited DDR2 on AMD Athlon X2,” http://www.digital-daily.com/cpu/amd_am2_4000/

  22. 10.2.1 Barcelona line (2) Based on K8L. Taped out in 8/06, to be delivered in Mid. 07 Figure: AMD’s Barcelona quad-core Source: Case L., „AMD unveils Barcelona Quad-Core Details,” Oct. 2006, http://www.extremetech.com/article2

  23. 10.2.1 Barcelona line (3) Barcelona Figure: The Barcelona core (Stepping G, 65 nm, 4 x 512 KB shared L2, K8L core) Source: Hester P., 2006 Technologyh Analyst Day, June 2006, http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/PhilHesterAMDAnalystDayV2.pdf

  24. 10.2.1 Barcelona line (4) Barcelona 291 mm2 Die photo of AMD’s Barcelona Source: C/Net, http://news.com.com/2300-1006_3-6124500-1.html

  25. 10.2.1 Barcelona line (5) Barcelona Core Die shot of the quad-core Barcelona http://forums.theoverclocked.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=757&d=1162961230

  26. 10.2.1 Barcelona line (6) Athlon 64 FX Cores (Toledo) (Windsor) (Windsor) Models 60 62 70/72/74 Stepping E6 F2 F3 Introduced 1/2006 5/2006 11/2006 Technology 90 nm 90 nm 90 nm Die size 199 mm2 230 mm2 230 mm2 Nr. of transistors 233 mtrs 227 mtrs 227 mtrs TDP [W] 110 W 125 W 125 W fc [GHz] 2.6 2.8 2.6/2.8/3.0 L2 size 2*1 MB 2*1 MB 2*1 MB Memory type DDR DDR2 DDR2 Socket 939 AM2 Socket F (1207) Pacifica virt. tech. Cool ‘n’ Quiet NX-bit Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Athlon 64 FX line Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  27. 10.2.2 Dual-core server processors Dual–core Opteron UP-lines (E6) • Opteron 100 Denmark 90 nm 8/2005 (F2) Santa Ana 90 nm • Opteron 1000 8/2006 Dual–core Opteron DP-lines • Opteron 200 (E6) Italy 8/2005 90 nm (F2) • Opteron 2000 Santa Rosa 8/2006 90 nm Dual–core Opteron MP-lines • Opteron 800 Egypt 5/2005 90 nm (E1/E6) (F2) • Opteron 8000 90 nm Santa Rosa 08/2006

  28. 10.2.2 Overview of the dual-core server processors (1) UP: Opteron 100/1000 DP: Opteron 200/2000, MP: 800/8000 CPU0 CPU1 CPU0 CPU1 1MB L2 Cache 1MB L2 Cache 1MB L2 Cache 1MB L2 Cache System Request Interface System Request Interface Crossbar Switch Crossbar Switch HyperTransport™ Memory Memory HT Controller Controller 0 1 2 800/8000: 3 coherent links 200/2000: 1 coherent link 2 x 72 bit 2 x 72 bit Figure: Basic structure of the Opteron families Source: Sander B., „AMD Microőrocessor Technologies,” 2006, http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r4/chicago/foxvalley/IEEE_AMD_Meeting.ppt

  29. 10.2.2 Overview of the dual-core server lines (2) Figure: The integrated north bridge in AMD’s Opteron processors Source: F. Weber, „AMD’s Next Generation Microprocessor”, Oct. 2001, http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/MPF_Hammer_Presentation.PDF

  30. 10.2.2 Dual–core Opteron UP-lines (1) Series Opteron 100(Denmark) Opteron 1000(Santa Ana) Models 165-180 185 1210-1218 1220SE Stepping E6 F2 Introduced 8/2005 3/2006 8/2006 Technology 90 nm 90 nm Die size 199 mm2 230 mm2 Nr. of transistors 233 mtrs 227 mtrs fc [GHz] 1.8-2.4 2.6 1.8-2.6 2.8 L2 2*1 MB 2*1 MB fHT 1 GHz 1 GHz DDR supported [MT/s] DDR up to 400 DDR2 up to 667 TDP [W] 110 • 125 Socket 939 AM2 HT NX PowerNow! VT Presidio data protection Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Opteron UP-lines Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  31. 10.2.2 Dual–core Opteron DP-lines (2) Series 200(Italy) 2000(Santa Rosa) Models 265-280 285 290 2210-2218 2220SE Stepping E6 F2 Introduced 5/2005 3/2006 1/2007 8/2006 Technology 90 nm 90 nm Die size 199 mm2 230 mm2 Nr. of transistors 233 mtrs 227 mtrs fc [GHz] 1.8-2.4 2.6 2.8 1.8-2.6 2.8 L2 2*1 MB 2*1 MB fHT 1 GHz 1 GHz DDR supported [MT/s] DDR up to 400 DDR2 up to 667 TDP [W] 95 95 110 Socket Socket 940 Socket F (1207) HT NX PowerNow! VT Presidio data protection Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Opteron DP-lines Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  32. 10.2.2 Dual–core Opteron MP-lines (3) Series 800(Egypt) 8000(Santa Rosa) Models 865-875 880 885 890 8210-8218 8220SE Stepping E1/ E6 E6 E6 E6 F2 Introduced 4/2005 9/2005 3/2006 1/2007 8/2006 Technology 90 nm 90 nm Die size 199 mm2 220 mm2 Nr. of transistors 233 mtrs 243 mtrs fc [GHz] 1.8-2.22 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.0-2.6 2.8 L2 2*1 MB 2*1 MB fHT 1 GHz 1 GHz DDR supported [MT/s] DDR up to 400 DDR2 up to 533 TDP [W] 95 95 119 Socket Socket 940 Socket F (1207) HT NX PowerNow! VT Presidio data protection Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Opteron MP-lines Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

  33. 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (E-Stepping) (1) Opteron (E-Stepping, 199 mm2, 233 mtrs.) (Denmark, Italy and Egypt cores) Figure: Die shot of the E-Stepping Opteron Source: Teich P., „Multi-Core Processor Technology,” WinHEC 2005, http://developer.amd.com/assets/WinHEC2005_Mult-core.pdf

  34. 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (E-Stepping) (2) Opteron (E-stepping,199 mm2, 233 mtrs.) Toledo (E6-stepping, 199 mm2, 233 mtrs) Figure:Contrasting the 90 nm desktop E6-stepping Toledo and the E-Stepping Opteron cores Sources: http://www.beareyes.com.cn/2/lib/200605/24/20060524141_4.htm Teich P., „Multi-Core Processor Technology,” WinHEC 2005, http://developer.amd.com/assets/WinHEC2005_Mult-core.pdf

  35. 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (F-Stepping) (1) F2-stepping Opteron (Santa Ana, Santa Rosa cores) Figure: Die shot of the F2-Stepping Opteron (90 nm, L2: 2 x 1 MB, 220 mm2?, 243 mtrs.?) Source: Dwang, „ISSCC 2006: AMD Opteron,” http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?NewsID=354&date=02-17-2006#354

  36. 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (F-Stepping) (2) Windsor (F-stepping) Opteron (F-stepping) (90 nm, 220 mm2?, 243 mtrs.?) (90 nm, 230 mm2, 227 mtrs.) Figure: Contrasting the dies shots of the Windsor and Opteron (F-Stepping) cores Source: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html Source: Dwang, „ISSCC 2006: AMD Opteron,” http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?NewsID=354&date=02-17-2006#354

  37. 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (F-Stepping) (3) E-stepping Opteron (199 mm2, 233 mtrs) F2-stepping Opteron (220 mm2?, 243 mtrs.?) Figure: Contrasting the die shots of the E and F2 Stepping Opterons Sources: Teich P., „Multi-Core Processor Technology,” WinHEC 2005, http://developer.amd.com/assets/WinHEC2005_Mult-core.pdf Dwang, „ISSCC 2006: AMD Opteron,” http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?NewsID=354&date=02-17-2006#354

  38. 10.2.2 Shmoo plot of the 2.6 GHz F-stepping dual-core Opterons Figure: Shmoo plot of the F-stepping dual-core Opterons (Technology: 90 nm, plot normalized to fc = 2.6 GHz and VDD = 1.35 V, at 95 W) Source: Dwang, „ISSCC 2006: AMD Opteron,” http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?NewsID=354&date=02-17-2006#354

  39. 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (1) Figure: 65 nm single core Opteron parts with 1 MB L2 on a 300 mm wafer Source: ”AA-64 Implementation AMD K8,” http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm

  40. 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (2) Figure: 90 nm dual core Opteron parts with 1 MB L2 on a 200 mm wafer Source: http: ”AA-64 Implementation AMD K8,” http://www.sandpile.org/impl/pics/amd/k8/wafer_200mm_90nm_1024k_dc.jpg

  41. 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (3) 300 mm wafer 200 mm wafer Figure: Contrasting 200 and 300 mm wafers (single core 90 nm parts, L2: 512 KB) Source: http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm

  42. 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (4) 200 mm wafer Single core, 90 nm, L2: 512 KB Figure: Single core Opteron chips (90 nm, 512 KB L2) on a 200 mm wafer Source: http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm

  43. 10.2 Literature Case L., „AMD unveils Barcelona Quad-Core Details,” Oct. 2006, http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1558,2027633,00.asp Dwang D. T., „ISSCC 2006: AMD Opteron,” http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?NewsID=354&date=02-17-2006#354 Hester P., 2006 Technologyh Analyst Day, June 2006, http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/PhilHesterAMDAnalystDayV2.pdf Romanchenko V. and Sofronov D., „Debut of AMD AM2: the long-awaited DDR2 on AMD Athlon X2,” http://www.digital-daily.com/cpu/amd_am2_4000/ Sander B., „AMD Microőrocessor Technologies,” 2006, http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r4/chicago/foxvalley/IEEE_AMD_Meeting.ppt Teich P., „Multi-Core Processor Technology,” WinHEC 2005, http://developer.amd.com/assets/WinHEC2005_Mult-core.pdf Weber F., „AMD’s Next Generation Microprocessor”, Oct. 2001, http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/MPF_Hammer_Presentation.PDF - AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core Processor Key Architectural Features, http://www.amd.com/gb-uk/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_9485_13041^13043,00.html - „AMD Server/Workstation Solution Provider Roadmap,” 3/2006, http://www.amdinfo.co.kr/channel/boardFiles/ AMD_Server_roadmap.pdf?PHPSESSID=f0ce292d844c2ea860c37749b177d513

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