Non violent action had failed .

1. Martin Luther King Malcolm X • Son of a Catholic minister. • Successful middle class family upbringing. • Saw integration as a key to success and improving Civil Rights. • Focused heavily upon voter registration and desegregation in the South. • Wanted to work alongside white politicians to achieve change. • Meet violence with non-violence. • Believed in peaceful protests. • Non violent action had failed. • Member of the Nation of Islam, a group which shared many Muslim beliefs. • Very troubled upbringing. Father had been shot by white supremacists. • Believed that integration had failed. • Believed that black people would be better off living separately or even returning to Africa. • Critical of MLK, he felt that the Civil Rights movement was wrong to work with white politicians. • He saw the White politicians as the enemy. • Wanted to help deal with all inequalities in both the North and the South. • Believed that violence should be met with violence.

2. Black Power The Black Panthers • The Group emerged from the race riots of 1967. • Led by Stokely Carmichael and other leading members of SNCC. • Wanted black people to take responsibility for themselves and not rely upon white people. • Black Power meant separatism and the ending of white corruption. • Should take pride in their African heritage. Said that black was beautiful. Encouraged people to wear African dress. • Carmichael and the Black Power movement were easily criticised by some for being unpatriotic and Anti-American. Especially after they denounced the war in Vietnam in 1967 and the actions of the Olympic athletes at the 1968 games • Emerges from the Race riots of 1967. • Huey Newton and Bobby Seal were two of the leaders. They had been heavily influenced by Malcolm X. • Produced a 10 point programme of their aims and goals. • Election campaign was ‘Vote for the Panther then go home’. • Believed the current system in America was corrupt. • Would happily work with white groups if it helped to bring down the current establishment. • Wanted to end capitalism. • Believed they were involved in a class struggle not a race struggle. • They wore Black Uniforms and were carried weapons (in states where it was legal). • Prepared to use their weapons. Trained their members. • 1968 the Black Panthers had 5,000 members. • 1969 27 Panthers killed and 700 hundred injured in confrontations with the police.

5. Martin Luther King Malcolm X • Son of a Catholic minister. • Successful middle class family upbringing. • Saw integration as a key to success and improving Civil Rights. • Focused heavily upon voter registration and desegregation in the South. • Wanted to work alongside white politicians to achieve change. • Meet violence with non-violence. • Believed in peaceful protests. • Non violent action had failed. • Member of the Nation of Islam, a group which shared many Muslim beliefs. • Very troubled upbringing. Father had been shot by white supremacists. • Believed that integration had failed. • Believed that black people would be better off living separately or even returning to Africa. • Critical of MLK, he felt that the Civil Rights movement was wrong to work with white politicians. • He saw the White politicians as the enemy. • Wanted to help deal with all inequalities in both the North and the South. • Believed that violence should be met with violence.

6. Black Power The Black Panthers • The Group emerged from the race riots of 1967. • Led by Stokely Carmichael and other leading members of SNCC. • Wanted black people to take responsibility for themselves and not rely upon white people. • Black Power meant separatism and the ending of white corruption. • Should take pride in their African heritage. Said that black was beautiful. Encouraged people to wear African dress. • Carmichael and the Black Power movement were easily criticised by some for being unpatriotic and Anti-American. Especially after they denounced the war in Vietnam in 1967 and the actions of the Olympic athletes at the 1968 games • Emerges from the Race riots of 1967. • Huey Newton and Bobby Seal were two of the leaders. They had been heavily influenced by Malcolm X. • Produced a 10 point programme of their aims and goals. • Election campaign was ‘Vote for the Panther then go home’. • Believed the current system in America was corrupt. • Would happily work with white groups if it helped to bring down the current establishment. • Wanted to end capitalism. • Believed they were involved in a class struggle not a race struggle. • They wore Black Uniforms and were carried weapons (in states where it was legal). • Prepared to use their weapons. Trained their members. • 1968 the Black Panthers had 5,000 members. • 1969 27 Panthers killed and 700 hundred injured in confrontations with the police.