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Algae Investigation

Algae Investigation. Olivia Buvala Wildlands Semester Evaluation. Contents. Mission About Algae Periphyton Algae as Indicators. Project Mission. Informative Algae Basic Knowledge My Experiments Pollution Indicators. Algae. Benefits: Base of the aquatic food chain

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Algae Investigation

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  1. Algae Investigation Olivia Buvala Wildlands Semester Evaluation

  2. Contents • Mission • About Algae • Periphyton • Algae as Indicators

  3. Project Mission Informative Algae Basic Knowledge My Experiments Pollution Indicators

  4. Algae Benefits: • Base of the aquatic food chain • Useful indicators of pollution • Help remove excess nutrients • Produce oxygen • Constitute the raw material to make agar, iodine, and various food products. • Provide spawning habitat for fish

  5. Algae Q. What do the mother’s of blue-green algae hope for? A. That their daughter cells will grow up and marry pond scum

  6. Plant vs. Protist Termed Algae In brief- Simple one-celled Group in colonies Also form organisms with many cells And collaborating together as simple tissues.

  7. Reproduction Spore (May be motile or non-motile) Simple sex Where algae act gametes But can also operate with complex egg and sperm cells

  8. Helpful Hints:Motile Flagellated UnicellSelf Propelled-with a whip-singular cell

  9. Algal Reproduction Q. Why did the algae fail math? A. He divided when mutliplying

  10. Energy Heterotrophic- Heteron=(an)other Trophe=nutrition Synthesizing required organic materials from inorganic sources Photosynthetic- Sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water

  11. Non-aquatic Habitats Animals- Turtles, snails, rotifers, worms, crustacea, alligators, three-toed sloths, sponges, etc. Soil- Composition varies Terrestrial plants- Via lichenised fungi, shady tree sides, penetrate leaves (rainforests), tree hollows, pitcher plants Snow Rocks- Internal and external

  12. Algae Q. What is the most common form of algae transportation? A. A nitrogen-cycle

  13. Aquatic Habitats Aquatic Plants- Internal and external Lagoons & Billabongs- Rich in desmids Bogs, marshes, swamps- Also rich in desmids(ex. In Sphagnum Hot Springs- Blue-green algae dominate Lakes- All have planktonic algae (free floating or swimming) and periphytic (surface attached)

  14. Aquatic Habitats (cont’) Reservoirs- Provide ideal protected habitat for microalgae Rivers, Streams, Creeks- Wide distribution Mud & Sand- Many species Ponds, Puddles, Roadside Ditches, & Rock Pools- Air transported algae

  15. Periphyton Surface Attached Algae Food source (invertebrates, fish) Water quality indicator Represents physiological and community-level changes

  16. Algae Q. What kind of algae most often joins the military? A. Fighter-planktons

  17. EPA 1 Pollution Indicators:Why are algae such good indicators? Naturally high population Rapid response time Identification to a species level Ease of sampling Tolerance or sensitivity to specific environmental conditions known

  18. EPA 2 Pollution Indicators:Rapid Bioassessment Objectives Assessment of: Biomass Species Composition Biological Condition of Periphyton Assemblages

  19. Details, details, details:Epiphytic and Benthic Epiphytic one organism living within or upon another without causing harm. Benthic Living in or on the bottom of a body of water

  20. EPA 1 Pollution Indicators:Phosphorus • Change in algal communities • Enriched conditions increase or decrease, depends on epiphytic/benthic, pH, water regime, original state… • Florida regulations- less than 1mg/L • Species usually affected:

  21. EPA 1 Pollution Indicators:Phosphorus Pandorina Dinobryon Scenedesmus Schroederia Anabaena Oscillatoria Staurastrum Aphanzinomenon Pediastrum Cosmarium Microcystis Closterium Microsterias

  22. My Protocol • Mark Point on GPS • Label sample bag with date, stream, site, sample # • Select a cobble size substrate • Lift cobble from bed into submerged collecting tray • Pour all but a small amount of water out of the collection tray • Remove algae from substrate using nylon brush by brushing down into the water in the container for 3 minutes until all algae is visibly removed • Rinse substrate, brush, and fingers with 50-100 mL into container • Rinse container and pour sample into sample bag • Check label • Add sample to cooler

  23. My Data • Motic Images • Data Collection Tool • Digital Microscope

  24. My Images Hydrodictyon Chlorella Cosmarium Microspora

  25. Sampling • Sampling Area • Eau Claire River • Multiple samples • Bends, straights, rougher waters • Deinhammer Creek • Multiple samples • Mouth, bends, straights • Varying substrates • Beaver Creek • Pine Creek Proper Sampling Apparel

  26. Terms to Know:Substrates Substrates: The surface upon which algae attaches its self. • Rocks • Wood (bark, submerged trees, logs…) • Man-made structures (pipes, bridges, boards…) • Anywhere

  27. EPA 2 Data Collection

  28. The Final Joke Q. What couldn’t the algae keep a steady relationship? A. He wasn’t really a fun-gi

  29. A big thanks to the Environmental Protection Agency. EPA References 1.) Periphyton as Biological Indicators http://www.epa.gov/bioindicators/html/periphyton.html 2.)Rapid Bioassessment Protocols For Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macro-invertebrates, and Fish Second Edition http://www.epa.gov/owow/monitoring/rbp/

  30. Thank you for viewing The End

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