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Atomic structure of the first elements

Atomic structure of the first elements. What things are made of. Learning objectives: to learn how we represent atoms and elements. Atoms, elements and compounds. Learning outcomes I can classify elements into solids, liquids and gases when given information (F) I can define an element, (D)

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Atomic structure of the first elements

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  1. Atomic structure of the first elements What things are made of

  2. Learning objectives: to learn how we represent atoms and elements Atoms, elements and compounds Learning outcomes I can classify elements into solids, liquids and gases when given information (F) I can define an element, (D) I can recognise names, symbols, formulae and diagrams of elements or compounds (C) Starter: 5-4-3-2-1 List 5 solids, 4 metals, 3 non-metals, 2 gaseous elements at room temperature, and 1 liquid element at room temperature.

  3. sodium Hydrogen Elements What is an element? Elements are made from one type of atom. Its a pure substance

  4. Hydrochloric acid Sodium chloride (salt) Compounds What is a compound? A compound is two or more elements chemically bonded together. It is a pure substance.

  5. Salty water Air Mixtures What is a mixture? A mixture is Two or more elements or compounds mixed together but not chemically bonded. Impure substances.

  6. Elements and compounds

  7. HCl ZnSO4 NaCl O2 CuO H2O Mg MgCl2 CuSO4ZnO NaOH Zn

  8. Element or compound? HCl ZnSO4 NaCl O2 CuO H2O Mg MgCl2 CuSO4ZnO NaOH Zn

  9. Close up atoms

  10. 24 12 Mg Closer still…

  11. 19 9 F Atomic weight Number of protons AND neutrons Atomic number Number of protons (Number of electrons too) How many protons, electrons and neutrons does fluorine have? 9 9 10

  12. 19 9 F How does this look?

  13. 1 1 2 1 3 1 H H H Are all atoms the same weight? An element will ALWAYS have the same number of protons But … sometimes they have different numbers of neutrons These are called ISOTOPES

  14. 12 6 14 6 13 6 C C C Carbon will ALWAYS have the same number of protons But … sometimes it will have different numbers of neutrons These are called ISOTOPES

  15. How do the shells work? Shells Only electrons go in shells

  16. We number shells from the middle 1 This will be shell 2 This will be shell 3 This will be shell

  17. 19 9 F 2 7 0 This is fluorine. It has electrons. 9 * Once you get past element 20 things get a little more complicated!

  18. 31 15 P 2 8 5 15 This is phosphorus. It has electrons. * Once you get past element 20 things get a little more complicated!

  19. 40 20 Ca 2 8 8 2 20 This is calcium. It has electrons. * Once you get past element 20 things get a little more complicated!

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