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4-H National Youth Science Day

4-H National Youth Science Day. October 6, 2010. Welcome!. In this activity you’ll learn how CO2 can affect aquatic animals, plants and other living organisms in lakes, streams, rivers, and oceans.

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4-H National Youth Science Day

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  1. 4-H National Youth Science Day October 6, 2010

  2. Welcome! • In this activity you’ll learn how CO2 can affect aquatic animals, plants and other living organisms in lakes, streams, rivers, and oceans. • You’ll also learn that humans are part of the carbon cycle and how to calculate your family’s carbon footprint.

  3. To measure the affect of CO2 on aquatic systems we use the pH scale.

  4. Understanding pH • Acidic and basic are two extremes that describe a chemical property . Mixing acids and bases can cancel out or neutralize their extreme effects. A substance that is neither acidic nor basic is neutral. • The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is basic.

  5. Bromothymol Blue turns yellow in the presence of an acid. • Use gloves when mixing Bromothymol Blue (BromBlue). Put 8 ounces of water and 2 milliliters (ml.) of BromBlue each into three clear cups. Vinegar is a acid. What do you predict will happen when you add vinegar to the BromBlue? Baking Soda is a base. What do you predict will happen when you add Baking Soda to the BromBlue?

  6. Add 1 teaspoon of vinegar to one cup.Add 1 teaspoon of baking soda to a different cup. Click again when the reactions are complete .

  7. People are part of the carbon cycle. • If you have access to a computer go on line for information and an animation on the carbon cycle at http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/index.html, “Let’s Learn about the Carbon Cycle”

  8. Plants are part of the carbon cycle • Plants capture sunlight in the photosynthesis process- Water + Carbon Dioxide + Sunlight Produces Glucose & Oxygen

  9. Fill in the blanks with your team. • Carbon is in this form here: • ________________________________ • 2. Carbon is captured by plants with this process: • ________________________________ • The apple contains this carbon containing material: • ________________________________ • 3. When the apple is eaten, carbon is released here by this process: • _________________________________ • 4. Carbon is released here by this process:_____________________________ 1 4 2 3

  10. Do the Experiment • Turn to page 5 of your Youth Guide. • Let’s state our hypothesis before we begin. Work with your team to complete this sentence, “If we add CO2 to water then the BromBlue will ……”

  11. Do the Experiment • Scientists use Independent, Dependent and Controlled variables to help them be clear about their experimental design. • Independent variables answer the question “What do we change?” • Dependent variables answer the question “What do we observe?” • Controlled variables answer the question “What do we keep the same?”

  12. Do the Experiment • What is your Independent Variable? What will you change? • What is your Dependent Variable? What will you observe happening? • What is your Controlled Variable? What will you keep the same?”

  13. Do the Experiment • Follow the directions to complete part 1 of the Experiment on pages 5-6 in the youth guide. • The person(s) in contact with the BromBlue should wear gloves and goggles.

  14. Do the Experiment Turn to page 6 of your Youth Guide. Let’s state our hypothesis before we begin Part 2. Work with your team to complete this sentence, “If we add a half tablet of effervescent antacid to water then the BromBlue will ……” What is your Independent Variable? What will you change? What is your Dependent Variable? What will you observe happening? What is your Controlled Variable? What will you keep the same?”

  15. Calculate your carbon footprint You will use the data on page 9 to calculate the carbon footprint of the Green family. How does the Green family compare to your own family?

  16. Gas Bill Handout The upper portion of the page has a bill for December. Note that there were 70 therms used in December 09 . This is compared to 72 therms in December 08. The lower part of the page has a bill for June. Note that there were 13 therms used in June 2010 compared to 10 used in June 09. On each bill you can see how gas use changes across seasons in the bar graph provided.

  17. Report your results • https://www.4-h.org/NYSD

  18. Care for the Earth – it is the only one we have…..

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