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Global Maritime Expansion

Global Maritime Expansion. Chapter 15 (pp. 426 – 449). Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450. Migrations of the Polynesian peoples who cultivated transplanted foods and domesticated animals as they moved to new islands No written records No navigational devices Traced through language.

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Global Maritime Expansion

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  1. Global Maritime Expansion Chapter 15 (pp. 426 – 449)

  2. Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450 • Migrations of the Polynesian peoples who cultivated transplanted foods and domesticated animals as they moved to new islands • No written records • No navigational devices • Traced through language

  3. Easter Island

  4. Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450 • Official Chinese maritime activity expanded into the Indian Ocean region with the naval voyages led by Ming Admiral Zheng He, which enhanced Chinese prestige • Used Junks (“treasure fleet”) • Led to intensification of Indian Ocean trade

  5. Navigational Advancements • European technological developments in cartography and navigation built on previous knowledge developed in the classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds • Ex. the Astrolabe • Helped astronomers locate & predict locations of celestial bodies • Used first by Greeks, then Muslims

  6. Manuscript from Nasir al-Din explaining the importance of the astrolabe

  7. Navigational Advancements • Innovative ship designs • Ex. the Caravel • Small, highly maneuverable ship used by the Portuguese to explore West Africa • Lateen sails, Greek influenced hull

  8. European Exploration, 1400 - 1550 • Portuguese development of a school for navigation led to increased travel to and trade with West Africa, and resulted in the construction of a global trading-post empire • Prince Henry “the Navigator” • Bartolomeu Dias • Vasco da Gama

  9. European Exploration, 1400 - 1550 • Spanish sponsorship of the first Columbian and subsequent voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific dramatically increased European interest in transoceanic travel and trade • Christopher Columbus • Ferdinand Magellan • Treaty of Tordesillas

  10. Treaty of Tordillas

  11. European Exploration, 1400 - 1550 • Northern Atlantic crossings for fishing and settlements continued and spurred European searches for multiple routes to Asia • Jacques Cartier • Henry Hudson • Samuel de Champlain

  12. European Exploration, 1400 - 1550 In Oceania and Polynesia, established exchange and communication networks were not dramatically affected because of infrequent European reconnaissance in the Pacific Ocean

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