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Network Components and Equipment

Network Components and Equipment. Organizational Communications and Technologies Prithvi N. Rao H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management Carnegie Mellon University. Readings. High Speed and Wireless LANs(Stallings and van Slyke) Chapter 10. Objectives.

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Network Components and Equipment

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  1. Network Components and Equipment Organizational Communications and Technologies Prithvi N. Rao H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management Carnegie Mellon University

  2. Readings High Speed and Wireless LANs(Stallings and van Slyke) Chapter 10

  3. Objectives • Identify the main components of a network • Describe the types of servers that can exist on a LAN • Discuss differences between deterministic and non-deterministic media access protocols • Describe the features of LAN media and be familiar with LAN equipment

  4. Network Components • Networks are constructed with 3 main components • Computers • Media • Communication equipment • Assembly of components depends on requirements of network • Incorrect design and implementation results in expensive re-engineering of network

  5. Computers • Various hardware and software platforms • DOS • OS/2 • Macintosh • Unix • Some platforms are pure clients others can be both • Performance • Software availability • End-user

  6. Computers • Network server can represent any computer providing services to other computers on network • Server can provide services to other clients, hosts, or other servers

  7. Servers • File Servers are centralized file system • Mechanism for storing and retrieving data for applications • Mechanism for protecting data through record locking • Provide database transaction tracking and security • Communication servers • Provide communication services • Permit other nodes to transmit data on a LAN • Provide services of a NOS • Permit access to foreign networks or wide area networks

  8. Servers • Print servers • Permit sharing of printers • Permits multiple users to share single printer • Print jobs are spooled • Database server • Provides dedicated and centralized source for all users and LAN to access a common database

  9. Servers • Application servers provide a vast array of services • Modem pooling • Electronic mail distribution • Database services • Load balancing • Can be single machine or collection of machines Novell Netware file server provides file system services, communication services print services and application services

  10. Client Workstations • Workstations make up majority of computers on network • Any computer attached to LAN not dedicated to providing services to other computers • Can be clients or peer hosts • Clients depend on communication server to process request for data transmission services • Clients run shells, redirector or requester • Can double as non-dedicated servers • Terminate and stay resident (TSR) • Enable interaction with servers and other workstations

  11. Client Workstations • Peer hosts are independent network node units • Possess all necessary software to communicate with other hosts • Not dependent on communication server to provide NOS software to communicate • Multi-user computers typically peer hosts • DOS is limited because of single tasking • Unix typically can be peer hosts

  12. LAN Media • Including type of media following are important • Topology or physical layout of cable plant (token ring, ethernet) • Media access technique • Encoding scheme

  13. Media Access Technique 10 base 2, BUS, Thinnet Segment, 185 meters max, 30 nodes 10 Base 5, BUS, Thicknet Segment, 500 meters max, 100 nodes 10 Base T, Star, 1 cable per node (type 1 – 5) (STP, UTP) 10 Base F, Star, 1 cable per node, fiber

  14. Broadcast – CSMA/CD • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection • STP shielded and twisted pair • UTP unshielded twisted pair

  15. Network Interface Card (NIC) • Responsible for • Providing access to media • Interfacing at the physical level with cabling system • Framing data for transmission • Error detection of transmission units that have been received

  16. Concentrators / Hubs • Concentrator hubs simple multiport repeaters • Repeaters work to extend cable segments past their physical un-repeated limit • Multiport repeaters create number of physical LAN segments and logically combine them together • Concentrator hubs can maintain a ring or bus internally while creating a physical star topology

  17. Hub Benefits • Facilitate fault detection • Support for different protocols • Ethernet, token ring, FDDI can all be combined in a single hub • Can be easily linked to backbone • Support different media using similar protocol • Thinnet, thicknet and 10-Base T Ethernet segments can be combined in a single hub

  18. Summary • Servers are any computer providing services to other computers on the network • Workstations make up majority of computers on network • LAN media has specific characteristics • Topology • Type of access scheme

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