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Chapter 3 Native Texans

Chapter 3 Native Texans. Section 1 Ancient Texans. First peoples migrated from Siberia along the land bridge crossing the Bering Strait How do we know who the people are or how they got here? Archaeologists - study evidence of past civilizations Artifacts - bones, baskets, shells, tools.

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Chapter 3 Native Texans

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  1. Chapter 3Native Texans

  2. Section 1Ancient Texans • First peoples migrated from Siberia along the land bridge crossing the Bering Strait • How do we know who the people are or how they got here? • Archaeologists- study evidence of past civilizations • Artifacts- bones, baskets, shells, tools

  3. Hunting for food • Stone Age- 10,000+ years ago • Hunting large animals – mastodon, mammoth, bison • Followed herds of animals • Atlatl • Flint tipped spears • Archaic Age- 8000 years ago • Hunted smaller game, warmer temps, tools of stone and bone. • Hunted and gathered – not so nomadic but still roamed

  4. Hunters to Farmers • Central American Indians first to grow food • 100 AD Texans adopted this method • How does farming change a culture? • Increase in population due to the availability of food • Nomadic living in the past • Villages can grow • Complex societies/governments/religious activities

  5. Cultures Emerge • Cultures- groups of people expressing and conducting themselves • Southeastern • Gulf • Pueblo • Plains

  6. Section 2Southeastern and Gulf Cultures • All early people believed that spirits caused major earth catastrophes as well as the changes in seasons • Humans and animals could communicate • Harmonious with the Earth • Some peaceful by nature some warring

  7. SE farmers and gathersCaddos • 24 groups make up their confederacy • In Texas groups were matrilineal • Government • Headed by 2 leaders • War and peace leader and religious leader • Men and women held positions in govt. • Most productive agriculturally and most numerous • Farmers and great fishermen • Lived in permanent villages- dome shaped • Warring nation

  8. Coahuiltecans • South Texas Plain- nomadic • Bows and arrows • Hunted javelina, deer, bison • Dried plants to use as flour • Women

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