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Many Roads To Home

Many Roads To Home. Paul Flynn. LAN Roads. UTP STP Coaxial Fiber Optics. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP). Relies on cancellation to reduce EMI Precise specifications for the number of twists per braid Resistance = 100 ohms Be sure to handle & inspect our classroom sample of UTP.

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Many Roads To Home

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  1. Many Roads To Home Paul Flynn

  2. LAN Roads • UTP • STP • Coaxial • Fiber Optics

  3. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) • Relies on cancellation to reduce EMI • Precise specifications for the number of twists per braid • Resistance = 100 ohms • Be sure to handle & inspect our classroom sample of UTP

  4. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Advantages • Easy to install • Least expensive of all media • Small diameter of cable • Proper termination procedures insures reliable connection

  5. Know these specs!! Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Disadvantages • More prone to EMI/RFI than any other cable • Shortest allowable length of any other cable.

  6. Know these specs!! Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) • All the advantages and disadvantages of UTP. • Foil shields provide greater protection against EMI & RFI. • Increased cost of cable • Be sure to handle & inspect our classroom sample of STP

  7. Coaxial Cable Advantages • Longer cable runs than UTP & STP (up to 500m) • Cheaper than using fiber for your backbone • Technology is well known (Cable TV) • Better at reducing EMI than UTP or STP

  8. Coaxial Cable Disadvantages • Thickness of cable • Copper shielding must be grounded at both ends of the connection • No longer used as a LAN media

  9. Know these specs!! Coaxial Cable • Know these diagramed parts & their purpose • Be sure to handle & inspect our classroom samples of coaxial cable

  10. Fiber Optics • Know these diagramed parts & their purpose Advantages Longer runs than any other cable (2km) Higher data rates than any other cable (>100Mbps) NO EMI!!

  11. Know these specs!! Fiber Optics Disadvantages • Very expensive!! • Difficult to install Therefore, fiber is used only for backbone installations.

  12. The “Standards Guys” • ISO—International Standards Organization • IEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers • TIA—Telecommunications Industry Association • EIA—Electronics Industry Association • UL—Underwriters Laboratories

  13. TIA/EIA • TIA & EIA issue standards together for technologies that involve both telecommunications & electronics. • TIA & EIA have had the greatest impact on networking media standards • TIA/EIA 568A is the cable standard we will use when making our cables

  14. TIA/EIA 568A Overview • Specifies cable performance & termination procedures for horizontal cabling • Six categories (CAT 1 to CAT 6) • CAT 5 media includes UTP, STP, Coaxial & Fiber • CAT 5 UTP is most common

  15. Horizontal v. Vertical Cabling • Horizontal Cabling includes all cabling that runs from work areas to the wiring closet. • Example:All Cat 5 UTP cabling in this classroom is horizontal cabling • Vertical Cabling is another name for backbone cabling. • Example:The fiber optic cabling at Carroll High School is vertical cabling

  16. Work Station (Patch Cable) Cross-Connect Jumpers (Patch Cable) Horizontal Cable Run Horizontal Cabling (TIA/EIA 568A) + + 90m 3m 6m 99m = ...or approx. 100 meters for CAT 5 UTP

  17. IEEE 802.3 (10Base-T Ethernet) • Emerged out of Hawaii’s need to connect islands (Aloha standard) • Has become the “chosen” LAN technology • Includes specifications for both Layer 1 & Layer 2 • Your skill in 802.3 implementation will migrate to 100Base-TX & 1000Base-T

  18. IEEE 802.3 Layer 1 Components • Passive Components (do not add energy) • Cabling • Connectors • Jacks • Patch Panels • Active Components (adds energy) • Repeaters, Transceivers, & Hubs Let’s briefly look at each passive component

  19. 10Base-T Cabling • Cat 5 Cable is a Layer 1 component • It carries bits! • CAT 5 is the 10Base-T standard cable • The twisting of wires limits signal degradation through cancellation. See Picture in Curriculum Page 5.4.3

  20. 10Base-T Connectors • Standard 10Base-T Termination is the Registered Jack-45 • Similar to phone plug except the RJ-45 has 8 pins instead of 4 pins • Reduces noise, reflection, & mechanical stability problems See Picture in Curriculum Page 5.4.2

  21. 10Base-T Jacks • RJ-45 Jacks have 8 conductors that match the RJ-45 plug’s connectors. See Picture in Curriculum Page 5.4.4

  22. 10Base-T Patch Panels • Patch panels are used to conveniently group a work area’s connections • One side has a place for each RJ-45 plug • The back side has punch down blocks that provide connectivity See Pictures in Curriculum Page 5.4.5

  23. Collisions

  24. Collision Review • Collisions occur in broadcast topologies where devices are attached to a shared media. • Shared media is like shared highways. • Layer 1 devices will not solve collision problems. • Layer 1 devices simply extend collision domains

  25. Collision Domains • Collision Domains are the area where collisions occur. • Layer 1 devices will not separate (segment) collision domains. • How many collision domains with… • A repeater? • A hub? • A repeater and a hub?

  26. Collision Domain Segmentation • Segmentation is the process of dividing a collision domain into two or more collision domains. • Layer 1 devices will not segment a collision domain. Why? • The only way to segment a collision domain is to use a device that can filter network traffic. • What devices are capable of filtering?

  27. Topology Overview

  28. Linear Bus • All nodes directly connected to one physical link

  29. Ring • Each node connected only to adjacent nodes.

  30. Star • Advantage: all nodes can easily communicate • Disadvantage: core node failure

  31. Extended Star • Each end node of the core acts as its own star topology

  32. Hierarchical Topology • Also called a tree topology • No central node • Two types: • Binary Tree-each node splits off into two nodes • Backbone Tree-like at Carroll High School Which type is this graphic?

  33. Complete Mesh • What’s unique about this topology?

  34. Good Luck on the Test!!

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