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Connections: Middleware and Network

Connections: Middleware and Network. Kittiphan Techakittiroj engktc@au.ac.th. Introduction. Clients: need services Servers: serve the need Middleware: Connection between Clients & Servers software: standard, protocol, commercial software hardware: physical connection, router, gateway.

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Connections: Middleware and Network

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  1. Connections:Middleware and Network Kittiphan Techakittiroj engktc@au.ac.th

  2. Introduction • Clients: need services • Servers: serve the need • Middleware: Connection between Clients & Servers • software: standard, protocol, commercial software • hardware: physical connection, router, gateway

  3. Configuration of Client/Server • tiny shops or individual • small shops or departments • intergalactic enterprises • post scarcity world

  4. Configuration of Client/Server Tiny Shops or Individual • Both client and server are on the same machine • Powerful machine: usually the case of current available machine • Robust Operating System

  5. Configuration of Client/Server Small Shops or Deparments • one server/many clients: all clients access one server • Popular architecture of local area networks • Easy for administration • Known clients -> customized for specific needs • Administrator has full control over server

  6. Configuration of Client/Server Intergalactic Enterprises • many servers/one client: client designed to access many servers • Current of Internet/Intranet Application

  7. Configuration of Client/Server Intergalactic Enterprises (cont.) • Expandable, Flexible, Fault Tolerance • Require a good middleware: e.g. security, bandwidth

  8. Configuration of Client/Server Post-Scarcity World • Distributed systems: each individual machine acts as both client and server • Require powerful resources

  9. Configuration of Client/Server Real World • Combination of all • LAN with Internet • Need to consider the advantage, disadvantage • Other arrangement is possible: depends on definition • number of clients or servers • geographical boundary

  10. Inside Middleware • Client Building Block • Server Building Block • Middleware Building Block

  11. Inside the Middleware Client Building Block • Usually built-in OS • Graphical User Interface (GUI) • Object Oriented User Interface (OOUI) • Web Browser • Distributed System Management (DSM) • etc.

  12. Inside the Middleware Server Building Block • SQL Database Servers • TP Monitors • Groupware Servers • Object Servers • Web Server • DSM Component • etc.

  13. Inside the Middleware Middleware Building Block • Transport Stack • Network Operating Systems (NOS) • DSM • Service Specific

  14. Server-to-Server Middleware • For n-tier system • Might be future trend of network application

  15. Network Connection • Size of Network • Local Area Network (LAN) • Wide Area Network (WAN) • Standard Protocol: TCP/IP, NetBIOS, IPX/SPX, AppleTalk • Layer Concept: ISO Layer, Internet Protocol Suite

  16. Network Topology • The way of connect computers together • WAN will be irregular (f) Computer Networks by Andrew S. Tanenbaum

  17. Network Connection Layer Concept • Split to small functionality connect to each other • Easy to implement, maintenance Internet & Intranet Engineering by Daniel Minoli

  18. Network Connection: Layer Concept Internet Suite (TCP/IP protocol) • Link Layer: interconnection(hardware & software) • Network Layer: networking computers • Transport Layer: delivery service • Application Layer: Telnet, FTP, SMTP

  19. Network Connection: Layer Concept Connection Type • Connection-Oriented Service: connection need to be established first • Connectionless Service Computer Networks by Andrew S. Tanenbaum

  20. Network Connection: Layer Concept Specification & Header • Each difference layer contains specification • Physical Layer: signal specification • Other Layers: header containing information Computer Networks by Andrew S. Tanenbaum

  21. Network Connection Interconnecting Devices • Hubs • Bridges • IP Switches • Routers • Gateways

  22. Network Connection: Interconnecting Devices Hubs, Switches, Birdges, Routers • Definition changing with time • Intelligence …: make difference disappered Internet & Intranet Engineering by Daniel Minoli

  23. Transport Stacks Middleware • Logical Network Driver • Stack Sandwich • Protocol Matchmakers (optional) • Transport-Independent APIs

  24. Bandwidth • Cover: Signal, Medium, Data • Absolute Bandwidth: the width of the frequency spectrum of the signal • Effective Bandwidth: less than 3dB power drop • Commonly used as the amount of bits that can be transferred within one unit time (bit-rate)

  25. Bandwidth How much bandwidth is enough? • Depend on Application and Taste

  26. Bandwidth Bandwidth Available • Depend on Location & Media & Cost

  27. Bandwidth: Bandwidth Available Bandwidth for LAN • Depend on Location & Media & Cost

  28. Bandwidth: Bandwidth Available Bandwidth for WAN • Depend on Location & Media & Cost

  29. Bandwidth: Bandwidth Available Bandwidth for WAN cont. • Technology on top of Cable/Physical Technology

  30. Bandwidth: Bandwidth Available Bandwidth from Home to WAN

  31. Reference Books Client/server survival guide 3rd edition by Robert Orfali, Dan Harkey, Jeri Edwards (John Wiley & Sons: 1999) Computer Networks 3rd edition by Andrew S. Tanenbaum (Prentice Hall: 1996) Internet & Intranet Engineering by Daniel Minoli (McGraw Hill: 1997)

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