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Types of Conflict. Types of Conflict. 1. Indigenous 2. Ethnic 3. Religious 4. Territorial. 1. Indigenous Conflicts.
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Types of Conflict • 1. Indigenous • 2. Ethnic • 3. Religious • 4. Territorial
1. Indigenous Conflicts • This occurs when new people coming into their territory threaten the native people of a country in some way, which can result in loss of land, rights, resources, or lives.
Indian Tribes of the United States • Lost land, rights, resources, and lives. Treaties were made and broken many times.
Mauraci Indians of Peru and Bolivia • These natives formed a terrorist group called the Shining Path.
Mauraci Indians Cont’d • They want to take their native lands of Peru and Bolivia back, which the Spanish took over. They resorted to terrorist attacks when the government did not agree to any type of negotiation. .
2. Ethnic Conflicts • Racial Hatred: Hitler and the Jews • Power: Hutus vs. Tutsis in Rwanda
Imperialism • Stronger country takes over a weaker country since the stronger country believes it is naturally superior. • “White Man’s Burden” = Great Britain and India
History • One group was there before the other, so they believe they should rule and/ or have all the advantages- Serbian and Croatians
3. Religious Conflicts • This happens because one religion feels it is the true faith and therefore must rule over others.
Palestine-Israel • Muslims vs. Jews and Christians. The Palestinians claim they were in Israel first according to the wishes of the prophet Abraham; the Jews of Israel claim God gave them the land through Moses.
Persian Gulf War • Saddam Hussein claimed that Kuwait was the holy land of Iraq and thus needed to be reclaimed in the name of Islam.
Aborigines in Australia • The Aborigine tribes claim that the land around Ayers Rock in central Australia is a sacred site and they do not want tourists to be allowed to climb or be on the rock in any way.
Nationalist Movements • This happens when a political group in a country claims they should be the ruler of the country. • This usually involves some land or ethnic dispute as well. • The group will hold demonstrations, attempt to overthrow the government and, finally, may use violence against the current government.
Somalia • This nation does not have a stable government because there have been several coup attempts and mostly result in a new government that lasts only a few months.
Nepal • Community followers of Mao, the ruler of China from 1947-73, wanted to overthrow the monarchy of Nepal. • This also happens when a group wants to or already has declared independence from the main country and either has not had it granted or is fighting for it.
Mexico-Zapatistas • Want to claim independence from Mexico. They are based in Chiapas, one of the poorest states in Mexico.
Ethiopia/Eritrea • Eritrea gained independence from Ethiopia in 1993, but there are problems because of currency and border issues between the two countries.
4. Territorial Conflict • This is the most prevalent form of conflict in the world. • Since 1991 over 1,000,000 conflicts in the world over territory have been fought. • Conflict over sacred, historical, or original ownership of territory.
Yugoslavia and Canada • Yugoslavia: the Serbians destroy Hindu temples as they expand their economy by building factories. • Canada: Development threatens Sioux tribal burial grounds.
Conflict Between Groups Over Long-term Settlement • Israel/ Palestine • Kashmir
Conflict Caused by Take-over or Loss of Territory. • These occurred when nations claimed Africa, causing enemy tribes to be grouped under one colonial power. While the Europeans were there, the tribes interacted successfully. • However, once the Europeans, left conflicts occurred. Wars continue to happen today.
Algeria • When the French left, there was fighting between the tribes who were friendly to France and those that were not. • Today fighting continues between political parties who want a relationship with France and those that do not.
South Africa • For many years, South Africa was ruled by a system called Apartheid. While under the Dutch control, whites had all the power over the black majority. • Since 1990, blacks have been allowed to be part of the government. The first Black president was Nelson Mandela, who was elected in 1994.
Conflict over Boundaries Drawn Arbitrarily • Arbitrarily: without reason or without a plan. • This happens when external political groups draw new boundaries for the weaker country at the end of a political victory or end of a war.
After WWI • The winning nations created new countries. Yugoslavia was created out of Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia and a part of Albania. These peoples spoke different languages and practiced different religions.
After WWII Jewish people were given land in Palestine to create Israel.
Conflict Caused by the Forceful Industrialization of One Country by an External Power Banana Republics of Central America: American corporations control the political and economic system of these nations. Nike Corporation in Thailand: Nike tried to cut costs and increase profits by opening factories in Thailand that exploited workers. US journalists reported the horrible conditions and Nike was forced to leave Thailand in 1999.
