Kelso High School

1. Kelso High School English Department

2. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald

3. Chapter Five Characterisation Gatsby, Daisy, Nick Style Theme American Upper Class Structure Symbolism Weather, Clock, Mansion, Kilspringer

4. Structure – Pivotal Chapter / Turning Point • This is the pivotal chapter of the novel • Previously, Gatsby’s reunion with Daisy has existed only in PROSPECT • However, from Chapter 5 on the plot shifts to focus on the romance between Gatsby and Daisy • In addition, this chapter introduces the theme of the past’s significance to the future

5. Why Turning Point? • Novel split into nine chapters. • Structure arranged around Gatsby and Daisy’s reunion in Chapter 5. • First half of the novel builds up to their eventual meeting. • Second half of the novel deals with the consequences of their reunion.

6. Why Turning Point? • Chapters 1-4 are written almost entirely from Nick’s viewpoint. • Jordan’s narrative in Chapter 4 helps to reveal Gatsby’s past. • Chapter Five is written entirely in the past tense. • The return to first person perspective and the focus on a few moments of time intensifies the emotion of Gatsby and Daisy’s reunion. • Chapters Six to Nine break down the myth of Gatsby’s glamorous and mysterious lifestyle

7. Characterisation - Nick • “I’m going to call up Daisy tomorrow and invite her over here to tea…What day would suit you?” • Nick is happy to act as a go-between to facilitate the relationship between Gatsby and Daisy • Discussion: What does this suggest about his morals? Is he as honest as he professes?

8. Characterisation - Nick • Think about the way the chapter begins. Gatsby offers Nick a business proposition. He turns it down. He seems to think it is illegal, but his main reason for doing so is that he feels Gatsby is trying to pay him for a ‘service rendered’. • Nick seems to care less that the business is probably illegal, than the fact he feels Gatsby is only offering it to him out of a sense of duty.

9. Characterisation – Nick - Contrast • Nick sometimes appears moral -

10. Characterisation - Nick • Indeed, Nick’s reliability as a narrator is again called into question. Discuss the way in which the following quote, written about Gatsby, conveys this:- “like an ecstatic patron of recurrent light” (p78)

11. Characterisation - Nick • Nick is transforming Gatsby into a mythical figure. • Does this add to or detract from his reliability as a narrator?

12. Characterisation - Daisy

13. Characterisation - Daisy • Daisy’s normally glib character is immediately apparent when Nick calls her to invite her for tea :- ‘Who is “Tom”?’ she asked innocently. • However, at this stage she does not know that Gatsby is involved in the arrangements

14. Characterisation - Daisy • However, it is clear by her reaction that she gets a shock when she first meets Gatsby • Analyse the following quote to explain why it reveals an awkwardness between the two “From the living room I heard a sort of choking murmur and part of a laugh…Daisy’s voice on a clear artificial note…a pause; it endured horribly…..Daisy who was sitting frightened but graceful, on the edge of a stiff chair” (p 75)

15. Characterisation - Daisy • However, as time passes, it is clear that Daisy relaxes:- ‘I’m glad, Jay.’ Her throat, full of aching, grieving beauty, told only of her unexpected joy.” Discussion Why is Daisy’s sincerity particularly striking to the reader?

16. Characterisation - Daisy • However, which aspects of Daisy’s character are highlighted by the following quotes:- “I think he revalued everything in his house according to the measure of response it drew from her well-loved eyes” (p80)

17. Characterisation - Daisy • “Suddenly with a strained sound, Daisy bent her head into the shirts and began to cry stormily. ‘They’re such beautiful shirts,’ she sobbed, her voice muffled in the thick folds. ‘It makes me sad because I’ve never seen such – such beautiful shirts before.’

18. Characterisation - Daisy • Consider: - Is this the more honest Daisy? Is she genuinely moved? • Yes, she is overjoyed at his success, but it is clearly apparent that she is moved by materialistic things

19. Characterisation - Daisy • Does this indicate to the reader that she falls short of the ideal version lodged in Gatsby’s heart and imagination?

20. Characterisation - Daisy • This idea is reinforced by Nick:- “There must have been moments even that afternoon when Daisy tumbled short of his dreams – not through her own fault, but because of the colossal vitality of his illusion. It had gone beyond her, beyond everything.”

21. Characterisation - Gatsby

22. Characterisation - Gatsby • It is immediately apparent that Gatsby is extremely nervous about meeting Daisy • Read the following quote and identify the various phrases which convey this:-

23. Characterisation - Gatsby • “An hour later the front door opened nervously…He was pale and there were dark signs of sleeplessness beneath his eyes…’Is everything alright’ he asked immediately….’What grass?’ he inquired blankly. ‘Oh, the grass in the yard.’ He looked out the window at it, but, judging from his expression, I don’t believe he saw a thing.”

24. Characterisation - Gatsby • In wishing to resume his relationship with Daisy, Gatsby envisages his future in terms of an event that is irretrievably in the past

25. Characterisation - Gatsby • Consider the following quote:- “This is a terrible mistake,’ he said, shaking his head from side to side, ‘a terrible, terrible mistake.’ • We have the idea that this is the real Gatsby. His theatrical qualities fall away and for once his responses appear genuine. He appears love-struck and awkward

26. Characterisation - Gatsby • Indeed, Gatsby is portrayed as a love struck teenager – “He literally glowed….He smiled like a weather man, like an ecstatic patron of recurrent light”

27. Characterisation - Gatsby • “Once he nearly toppled down a flight of stairs” successfully conveys the effect Daisy has on Gatsby • “When I try to-” illustrates the intensity of his feelings for Daisy. He is rendered speechless just by her brushing her hair. Words are inadequate to express what he feels for Daisy (p80)

28. Symbolism - Weather • When Gatsby and Daisy first meet the weather matches their mood. The rain adds depression and melancholy to the scene • However, as their love reawakens and hope emerges for the possibility of a future relationship, the sun comes out :- “ the sun shone again….twinkle bells of sunshine”

29. Symbolism - Weather • The improvement in the weather is representative of the improvement in Gatsby’s mood and in Gatsby’s life now that he has been reunited with Daisy

30. Symbolism - Clock

31. Symbolism - Clock • “Luckily the clock took this moment to tilt dangerously at the pressure of his head, whereupon he turned and caught it with trembling fingers, and set it back in place” • His nervousness about how Daisy’s attitude to him may have changed causes him to knock over Nick’s clock. This symbolises the clumsiness of his attempts to stop time and retrieve the past

32. Symbolism - Gatsby’s House • “Inside we wandered through Marie Antoinette music-rooms and Restoration Salons…swathed in rose and lavender silk…through dressing rooms and poolrooms and bathrooms with sunken baths” • Gatsby’s mansion is not a home, but simply an extravagant prop in his attempt to woo Daisy – it too is a recreation of the past.

33. Symbolism - Kilspringer • ‘Kilspringer plays the piano…. ‘I don’t hardly play at all” • There is no sense of friendship between Gatsby and his lodger. They appear to be using one another for their own convenience. Is Kilspringer just another prop in the Gatsby show?

34. Symbolism - Kilspringer • “Doing liver exercises on the floor” (p79) • Symbolic of the over indulgent lives of the American Upper classes. These were exercises designed to compensate for the over consumption of alcohol

35. Well-done!!!!