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Ancient India

Ancient India. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. 3000 BC to 1500 BC The first civilizations to appear in India were the cities Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. They were known as the Indus Civilization. They traded with Mesopotamian city-states some by shipping using the Persian Gulf and land. Aryans.

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Ancient India

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  1. Ancient India

  2. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro • 3000 BC to 1500 BC • The first civilizations to appear in India were the cities Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. They were known as the Indus Civilization. • They traded with Mesopotamian city-states some by shipping using the Persian Gulf and land.

  3. Aryans • 1500BC to 400BC • They were Nomads but when settling in Egypt they became farmers. • No written language until 1000 BC, known as Sanskrit.

  4. Caste System • Caste System- social categories that determines ones occupation and wealth. 1. Brahmins, priests, were atop the social scale. 2. Kshatriyas, warriors, were second 3. Vaisyas, commoners, were third 4. The Sudras were the next and made up most of India’s population. 5. The Untouchables had it the worst.

  5. Hinduism • Religious beliefs of the Aryans • They believe in reincarnation, which is the belief of once you die you are born in a new body. • They also believe in Karma, the actions a person takes in one life will determine how their new life will be. • Dharma- is the divine law stating all people must do their duty. • They developed yoga, which is a training supposed to lead to a union with God.

  6. Buddhism • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama. • He preached to give up worldly possessions because it is illusions and pain poverty and sorrow all come from it. • Nirvana is ultimate reality. • Buddhism accepts reincarnation but doesn’t believe in the Caste system, as Hinduism does.

  7. Mauryan Dynasty • 327 BC to 183 BC • Founded by Chandragupta Maurya • Divided into providences ruled by governors. • Really flourished during Asoka’s reign as ruler. Considered to be the greatest ruler in Indian history.

  8. Kushan Kingdom • When the Mauryans where destroyed many kingdoms popped up all around India. The biggest was the Kushan Kingdom. • They used the Silk Road when trading and made most of their wealth from it.

  9. The Guptas • 320 AD- 415 AD • After the Kushans there were the Guptas. • The Guptas were the greatest empire in India since the Mauryans. • Pilgrims gave them a lot of wealth. • Their empire began to shrink from constant invasions of Huns.

  10. Indian culture • First Indian literature was from the Aryan’s. it is called Vedas. • Kalidasa is a famous author in India. Possibly one of the the most famous. • Mathematics was very important to India. Their mathematicians were the first to use Algebra and the number zero.

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