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Revolutions & Nationalism

Revolutions & Nationalism. Revolutions in Europe. 1821- Greece rebels against the Ottomans 1830- Belgians rebel against Dutch, Poles rebel against Russia, and the French depose Charles X.

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Revolutions & Nationalism

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  1. Revolutions & Nationalism

  2. Revolutions in Europe • 1821- Greece rebels against the Ottomans • 1830- Belgians rebel against Dutch, Poles rebel against Russia, and the French depose Charles X. • 1848- Hungarians demand self-government, Czechs demand Bohemian independence, liberals revolt in German states, and the French demand a democratic government

  3. Why did many revolts fail??? • Conservatives: usually wealthy property owners and nobility who argued to retain traditional monarchies. • The reason many revolts failed was that conservatives still held enough power to put them down.

  4. Radicals vs. Liberals • Both groups wanted some sort of change, but they were different. • Radicals- wanted to extend democratic government to all people. • Liberals- would limit the power to elected parliaments of the educated or landholders.

  5. The Failure of France’s Third Republic • Sharp divides between the goals of radicals. • This led to fights between the different factions. • When this occurred, moderates were able to take over. • Common theme in history: as one group grows apart, a less popular group can take over.

  6. Nationalism • “The belief that people’s greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history.” • Some see it as a way to unify….others see it as a form of disunity.

  7. Types of Nationalist Movements • Unification: mergers of politically divided but culturally similar lands. • 19th Century Germany • 19th Century Italy

  8. Types of Nationalist Movements • Separation: Culturally distinct group resists being added to a state or tries to break away. • Greeks in the Ottoman Empire • French-speaking Canadians

  9. Types of Nationalist Movements • State-building: Culturally distinct groups form into a new state by accepting a single culture. • The United States • Turkey

  10. Examples of Empires Hurt By Nationalism • Austrian Empire • Russian Empire • Ottoman Empire • All three groups held great power at different points in history, but through the forces of nationalism their empires crumbled.

  11. Examples of An Empire Benefitting from Nationalism • Prussia leading the German states to unify • Able to do this because it had a mainly German population and a powerful army. • Also, helped that it was industrialized.

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