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NUTRITION AND FOOD SECURITY OF SELECTED SITUATION OF SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES

NUTRITION AND FOOD SECURITY OF SELECTED SITUATION OF SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES. Md Abdul Mannan Lalita Bhattacharjee Nutritionists Training on “Comparative Review of the Nutrition Situation and Policies in Selected Countries and with particular reference to Bangladesh”

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NUTRITION AND FOOD SECURITY OF SELECTED SITUATION OF SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES

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  1. NUTRITION AND FOOD SECURITY OF SELECTED SITUATION OF SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES Md Abdul Mannan Lalita Bhattacharjee Nutritionists Training on “Comparative Review of the Nutrition Situation and Policies in Selected Countries and with particular reference to Bangladesh” 27 March to 6 April 2014

  2. Constitutional obligation • Bangladesh Constitutional and the rights of its citizen are focused as in article 18 (1) : The State shall regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the improvement of public health as among its primary duty

  3. Countries with highest burden of malnutrition These 34 countries account for 90% of the global burden of malnutrition Source: The Lancet, 2013

  4. Prevalence (%) of child malnutrition in selected Asian countries

  5. Stunting and Underweight in South Asian Countries – Annual Average Change , 1990 -2010

  6. Prevalence (%) of Anaemia in selected Asian countries (recent observation)

  7. Nutritional status of U5 children by wealth quintile in Bangladesh

  8. Prevalence of undernourishment, S Asia 1999-20; 2011-2013 Source: FAO, SOFI, 2013

  9. Prevalence of undernourishment in selected South Asian countries and progress towards MDG targets

  10. Food groups as % of dietary energy supply in selected Asian countries Source: FAO RAP 2012, Adapted from FBS 2007 - 2009

  11. Per capita dietary energy (kcal) intake (HIES, 2010)

  12. Dietary energy intake • Cereal contribution to dietary energy shows a declining trend • Only 3% point decline in 5 years during 2000-05 and 2005-10 • DES from cereals should be 60% for better health

  13. Per capita/d intake of major food items (g)

  14. FOOD CONSUMPTION SITUATION • Significant + correlations between DES Cer% and child MN rates Source: Authors' own calculation from FAO RAP 2007

  15. The “Window of Opportunity” for Improving Nutrition is very small…pre-pregnancy until 18-24 months of age (focus on 1st 1000 days –SUN) Repositioning Nutrition, 2006

  16. 1000 days: conception to child’s second birthday

  17. National Food Policy – progress toward the goal • Overall goals of the NFP is “to ensure dependable sustained food security and nutrition for all people of the country at all times” • 3 indicators focus on nutrition as main outcome of food security: • Undernourishment (caloric intakes ): • FAO: target reached in early 2000s, no significant progress thereafter • HIES: past DCI trend and average intake improving too slowly • Underweight and stunting: targets reachable if progress is sustained

  18. Selected core indicators: harmonization with PoA, CIP, FSNSP (outcome and output)

  19. Selected core indicators: harmonization with PoA, CIP, FSNSP (output)

  20. Nutrition sensitive indicators –OUTCOME • % share of dietary energy supply (DES) from food groups • % share of dietary energy intake (DEI) from food groups (≤ 60% from cereals) and rest from non –cereals • % households with dietary diversity score (HDDS) minimum 6 out of 12 food groups (FANTA/FAO, 2011) • % women/maternal dietary diversity score :minimum 5 out of 9 food groups (FANTA/FAO, 2011) • Proportion of children (6 -23 mo) receiving minimum acceptable diet (+ 4 out of 7 food groups) • Dietary energy and nutrient/micronutrient intake/adequacy

  21. Nutrition sensitive indicators –OUTPUT • % of poor households raising home gardening and backyard poultry –BASELINE 41% • Diversity of food production # of vegetables and fruits grown (minimum of 8 vegetable and fruit varieties per homestead garden) ( < 0.50 acres landless; 0.50 – 0.99 acres marginal; 1.0 – 2.49 acres small) • % children with improved hygiene practices including hand washing

  22. NATIONAL NUTRITION SERVICES • Intervening at different stages of the life cycle through NNS, MoHFW with a focus on the 1st 1000 days • Coordinating and ensuring active engagement with other key Government agencies (Agriculture, Food, Industries, Local Government, Women and Children’s Affairs)

  23. Specific Objectives • Reduce the prevalence of low birth weight • Reduce the prevalence of underweight in children <5 years • Reduce the prevalence of stunting in children <5 years • Reduce wasting in <5 years • Reduce night blindness among pregnant women, lactating women and children aged 12-59 months • Reduce the prevalence of anaemia in < 5 years children, adolescents and in pregnant women

  24. Specific Objectives (Cont.) • Reduce the prevalence of iodine deficiency (UIE <100 g/L) of all school aged (6-12 years) children • Increase knowledge among general population • Increase exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months and complementary feeding rate • Expand health and nutrition education at school level • Decrease micronutrient deficiency diseases (zinc, calcium, vitamin-D) • Decrease nutrition related NCDs

  25. Priority indicators and targets (NNS/HPNSDP)

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